What herbaceous plants are common. Herbaceous flowering and non-flowering plants: features, photos and descriptions. What have we learned

The variety of herbaceous plants growing on Earth is amazing. Some of them bloom with beautiful flowers or have decorative leaves, others are edible, others have medicinal properties and are able to cure all ailments. Our article is devoted to a description of some types of herbs, their appearance and useful properties.

Annual herbaceous plants die off completely at the end of the growing season. With the onset of favorable weather conditions, they again grow from seeds, having time to form a stem with leaves, bloom and give seeds in one year.

Lips, gatsania and marigolds with beautiful flowers are grown in flower beds as ornamental plants. Flax and rape are of great economic importance, and the string is a valuable medicinal plant.

Tiger lip

Gubastik belongs to the Frim family. It grows in regions with a temperate climate everywhere except Europe. The Latin name of the plant mimulus means "comedian" or "jester". The flower received this name for its unusual corolla shape and variegated, spotted color.

Various types of mimulus are grown in flower beds as ground cover plants. Interesting varieties with a characteristic color of flowers have been bred, for example, tiger lip.

Many people admire the tiger variety for its variegated flowers.

• It grows short, up to 35 cm.
• It can be grown from seed in a flower bed and in a pot.
• Mimulsa flowers exude a delicate pleasant aroma.
• During flowering, which lasts from June to September, it is covered with gramophone flowers.

It can be propagated by cuttings, like petunia, to keep the varieties you like for the next year. In the open field, the flower does not hibernate, and although it is a perennial, it is grown as an annual plant. Unlike petunia, it is undemanding to light.

Gatsania harsh

Gatsania is a herbaceous plant of the Astrov family, native to Africa. It is grown in flower beds as an ornamental one, thanks to its large flowers with bright colors - yellow, orange, red, white, brown or variegated. The plant loves the sun, easily tolerates lack of watering and soil poverty.

Gatsania does not tolerate frost, therefore it does not hibernate in a flower bed. You can dig up a flower at the onset of frost and bring it into the house, and plant it again in the garden in the spring. But it's easier to grow it like an annual, sowing seeds every spring.

Marigold

It is an annual or perennial herb, with a genus of about 50 species. The homeland of the marigolds is America, the Latin name Tagetes was given to him by Karl Liney in honor of Tagits, the grandson of the God Jupiter. Hybrid varieties of marigolds are grown in central Russia in flower beds. These flowers fell in love with flower growers for their cheerful, orange or yellow color, abundant flowering and unpretentious care.

The following types of marigolds are widespread:

• small-flowered;
• anise;
• upright;
• thin-leaved, or Mexican.

Marigolds bloom from June until the very frost and go well with many flowers in the flower bed.

The height of the plant is from 20 to 120 cm. But the flowers differ not only in the height of the bush, but also in the shape of the inflorescences, which can be double, semi-double, clove, chrysanthemum or simple. The leaves are most often pinnately divided or pinnately dissected.

Linen

Annual flax is a delicate blue or purple flower with graceful stems native to the eastern Mediterranean.

The flowering of flax is spectacular and unusual. Its flowers bloom for one day.

People have been growing this plant since time immemorial. Its seeds are used for medicinal purposes, and yarn is made from the stems. Some varieties are planted like decorative flowers in a flower bed.

Flax is a sun-loving plant that does not tolerate shading. It is advisable to set aside a separate flower garden for him, since the plant easily propagates by self-sowing and grows, occupying a large space. Flax seeds are planted on a flower bed in March, and it is impossible to grow flax through seedlings - it has fragile roots. Therefore, the seeds are planted immediately in open ground.

Spring and winter rape

Rape is a good honey plant, therefore it is often sown next to apiaries. It belongs to the Cabbage family. This bright yellow flower blooms in May. But the main value of rapeseed is not in flowers - it is used as a valuable oilseed crop for food and industrial purposes, it is used as livestock feed. Oil is made from seeds.

There are two types of plants - spring and winter. The latter does not tolerate drought and severe frosts, but it is a good forage crop and honey plant.

Three-part succession

The train is a medicinal plant that has been cultivated in Russia for a long time. The genus belongs to the Astrov family. A warm and moisture-loving plant grows in nature along the banks of reservoirs and in the fields, and enters the gardens as a weed. With the help of this herb, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, dysentery, and purulent wounds are treated.

In central Russia, a three-part series is widespread, which is called so because its leaf is divided into three lobes. In medicine, only this type of plant is used.

The series is three-part - annual, its height is from 30 cm to 1 meter, the seeds are small, with two horns. In Russia, before the revolution, the plant was harvested on an industrial scale, and it is still cultivated today. In pharmacies you can buy herbal infusion and briquettes.

Biennials for open ground

Herbaceous biennials live for two years. In the first year, the main vegetative organs are formed - the root and stem with leaves. And in the second year - generative, a peduncle and seeds appear. Unlike perennials, biennials do not have modified underground shoots - bulbs, rhizomes and tubers.

Biennials include most garden root crops, as well as valuable medicinal plants - speckled hemlock, marsh thistle, blue cornflower, motherwort variegated.

Hemlock

Hemlock speckled is a tall herbaceous plant with white umbrella flowers from the Umbrella family. When collecting medicinal raw materials, it is important to distinguish hemlock from other plants similar to it. If you pluck the hemlock leaves or flowers and rub them in your hands, they smell like a mouse's nest. Red droplets are visible on the trunk, similar to droplets of blood.

In nature, the grass grows in flooded meadows and forest edges. Most often it enters vegetable gardens as a weed, but it can also be used for medicinal purposes.

Hemlock is used to treat various ailments - to combat oncology, seizures and spasms.

The patch and extract are used as an external anesthetic.

Bodyak marsh

Thistle is a biennial or perennial plant from the Asteraceae family, in which more than 400 species are known. Such grass grows in meadows and fields, it is considered a weed, as it penetrates into crops. Some types of thistle are used in folk medicine, grown as ornamental and vegetable crops. Its inflorescences are rounded baskets with tubular flowers of crimson or purple color. This plant is a good honey plant.

• The marsh thistle has a thorny stem and thorny leaves.
• Plant height - from 50 cm to 2 meters.
• Leaves pinnately dissected on short petioles, with thorns along the edge and pubescence on top.
• It blooms with purple, rarely white flowers.

The plant loves moist soil, grows in Siberia and on the European part of the continent in swampy forests and river valleys.

Cornflower blue

The blue cornflower from the Astrovye family is an excellent honey plant and a valuable medicinal plant. Bees make thick honey from the nectar of its flowers with a pleasant almond scent. Blue cornflower grows in nature in the Caucasus, Siberia, Central Asia and the European part of Russia.

For medicinal purposes, the petals of its flowers are used as a choleretic and diuretic.

Broths of cornflower are used for coughs, nervous and gastric diseases, they make lotions for the treatment of eczema and ulcers.

This unpretentious flower is grown as an ornamental plant in a flower bed. It can be sown as seeds directly into open ground. Cultivated varieties bloom not only blue, but also white, pink, burgundy flowers from June to September.

Motherwort varifolia

This herbaceous plant from the Lamiaceae family prefers clay-sandy soils rich in nitrogen. It has a taproot and green stems with a reddish-purple tint, 50 cm to 1 meter in height. Lilac small flowers are collected in the axils of the upper leaves, forming a spike-shaped inflorescence. The plant blooms in June or July. In Russia, it is found in the Far East and Eastern Siberia.

The stems, leaves and flowers of motherwort are used for medicinal purposes. You can buy an alcoholic tincture of the plant at a pharmacy. It is used as a sedative for nervous diseases, as well as an antispasmodic for spastic pains, coughs and convulsions.

Perennial herbaceous plants

In perennial grasses, aerial shoots die off at the end of each growing season and in winter, plants in open ground are dormant.

In the spring, they begin to grow again from renewal buds on modified underground shoots. There are many decorative and medicinal plants among perennials.

River gravilat

The genus Gravilat from the Rosaceae family includes about 50 species that are found in the northern and southern hemispheres of the Earth. There are 7 types of gravilata growing on the territory of Russia, one of them is river gravilat. It can be found in moist, rich soils along the banks of streams and swamps.

• It is a perennial herb up to 80 cm high.
• Its stem is weakly branching in the upper part.
• The stems of the gravilata are densely covered with hairs.
• It has two types of leaves - stem and root.
• The bell-shaped, lowered flowers of the plant are unusual. Their petals are very small and inconspicuous, and the bright sepals are colored reddish-brown.

Gravilata seeds are formed after flowers self-pollinate in July or August. Leaves, flowers and rhizomes of plants are used for medicinal purposes.

They have astringent, hemostatic, tonic, analgesic, wound-healing and diaphoretic effects. This plant is recognized by official medicine.

Gaillardia large-flowered

Gaillardia is a perennial or annual outdoor plant that produces a compact shrub with numerous flowers. Belongs to the Astrov family, its homeland is North and South America. In total, there are 24 types of Gaillardia in nature. Especially good for open ground Gaillardia large-flowered.

In a flower bed, propagate it by seeds or by dividing a bush. The flowers have an orange center and yellow petals at the ends. They look very sunny and bright and bloom throughout the warm season. The plant is drought-resistant and easy to care for.

Goose bow

This herbaceous bulbous plant from the Liliaceae family grows in Europe, Asia and North Africa.

• The inflorescences of the goose onion are umbrella-shaped.
• The star-shaped flowers are yellow and consist of six petals arranged in two circles.
• After flowering, the aerial part of the plant dies off.

Goose onions are used in folk medicine and can be eaten boiled. The plant propagates with the help of bulbs, which are sometimes formed in place of buds, in the axils of leaves or on the bottom of the bulb.

Basilist

Basil is used in ornamental gardening and folk medicine. There are over 150 species of this plant. They are perennial and belong to the genus Buttercup. According to legend, the herb got its name from the name of the healer Vasilisa, who with her help healed the wounds of soldiers.

In folk medicine, basil leaves are used to treat skin diseases.

Plant height can be from 5 cm to 2.5 m. The smallest Alpine basil grows in the tundra and in alpine meadows. The color of flowers can be very diverse - pink, white, yellow or purple. They are collected in dense, sometimes loose, inflorescences - panicle or brush.

Wolf bast or wolf berries are planted as ornamental plants in gardens, creating hedges from bushes. There is an interesting garden form that blooms in November with purple flowers.

Folk healers use the bark and berries of the plant as an external remedy.

In traditional medicine, the use of the plant is prohibited, as it is very poisonous.

Horny Goat Weed

Horny Goat Weed, Flowerless, or Epimedium, belongs to the Barberry family. It is a perennial herb with a creeping rhizome and vibrant flowers. A variety of decorative garden forms have been bred, which are grown in shady flower beds. Plants love moist, fertile soil.

Most species bloom in spring, but some continue to bloom all summer. There are decorative deciduous, evergreen, large-flowered and other varieties. Horny Goat Weed is grown as a perennial ornamental plant in a flower bed. It is used in traditional Chinese medicine to increase male potency. This perennial plant from the Buttercup family grows naturally in Altai, Siberia, Central Asia and Mongolia. Plant height is about 50 cm to 2 meters. Purple flowers are collected in multi-flowered clusters.

The whole plant is used for medicinal purposes. White-mouthed aconite is harvested during fruiting and dried.

Tender anemone

This beautiful ornamental plant from the Buttercup family has been cultivated since the 19th century.

Varieties with a variety of flower colors have been bred:

• Pink Star - pale pink
• Purple Star - pale purple;
• Radar - dark red with a white center;
• Blue shades - blue.

Anemone tender prefers well-drained soil, likes partial shade, suitable for growing in shady flower beds between trees. In nature, the species is listed in the Red Book.

Herbaceous plants are found in every natural zone and on every continent. They are extremely common and familiar to almost everyone. What types of them are the most famous and what are the features of such representatives of the flora?

Oxalis ordinary

This is a perennial, the height of which does not exceed ten centimeters. Like other plants, sour cherry is distinguished by a creeping rhizome. The leaves have long petioles and heart-shaped leaves that fold along. Flowers are solitary, with a white corolla, occasionally purple or lilac. The fruits look like light brown bolls. Oxalis blooms in May or June. The fruits ripen by August. Kislitsa is distinguished by which the rhizome grows, and the seeds from the capsules also spread. Many other herbaceous plants, examples of which will be given below, also use these methods. Oxalis is found in damp coniferous forests, its thickets tend to form a continuous cover. It can be eaten: the leaves are also rich in vitamin C, suitable for making soup, seasonings, salad, tea.

Stinging nettle

When compiling a list that includes perennial herbaceous plants (examples of them are known to everyone), it is definitely worth mentioning this. Nettle is a perennial plant, reaching a height of one and a half meters. The plant has a long horizontal rhizome. The flowering and fruiting period lasts all summer. Seeds are used for reproduction: one plant can produce up to twenty-two thousand of them. Nettles can often be seen near roads and fences, in wastelands, most often it creates dense thickets. The plant can be used for food and medicinal purposes. Green cabbage soup can be cooked from young shoots, and nettle is used as a prophylactic agent when there is a lack of vitamins in the body. In addition, drugs based on it are used to stop the blood, to stimulate the gallbladder. Folk recipes use nettles for hair care. The plant is suitable for feeding pigs, birds, cows. It is possible to make fiber from the stems, which is suitable for making cloth or ropes, and the leaves with rhizomes were previously used as a natural dye.

Celandine large

The perennial plant reaches a height of almost a meter. Celandine has straight and branched stems with leaves, the upper side of which is green, and the lower side is gray. Herbaceous plants, examples of which have been given above, bloom quite inconspicuously. Celandine is a completely different matter. He has bright yellow flowers arranged in umbrellas. The fruits are pod-shaped capsules with many seeds. Any part of the plant contains orange juice. Celandine blooms from May to August, and the fruits appear in July. You can meet the plant on roads and dwellings, in ditches, abandoned parks and gardens. It is used in veterinary medicine and medicine, as well as as an insecticide: celandine powder can protect cultural plantings from garden beetles. The juice is used to remove skin growths, and the grass is used to dye the coat in yellow and red tones. If all the herbaceous plants, examples of which were given above, can be eaten, then celandine is poisonous. It is also not suitable for feeding purposes.

River gravilat

Photos and names of which are not so well known are also worthy of mention. For example, the river gravilat, reaching seventy centimeters in height and distinguished by strong roots and a thick dark red stem. The plant has several bell-shaped flowers with pinkish petals covered with brown veins. The fruits are spread by people and animals, they have special attachments. Gravilat blooms in June. The fruits ripen in July. You can see the gravilat at the edges of swamps or water bodies, as well as in meadows and bushes. Its roots are used in folk medicine and paint. This genus of herbaceous plants is harmless and suitable for making fresh salad or seasonal green soup.

Swamp sow thistle

Listing herbaceous plants, photos of which everyone can easily recognize, it is worth calling this species. Sow thistle is a perennial capable of growing up to two and a half meters in height. The plant contains milky juice. Sow thistle is distinguished by a small, powerful rhizome and arrow-shaped leaves. Its inflorescences resemble baskets located at the very top of the stem. They are distinguished by their yellow color. Fruits that ripen by August look like tetrahedral achenes. You can meet marsh sowthrow on the shore of a reservoir, quite according to the name - near a swamp, in thickets of bushes on wet soil, as well as in floodplains of rivers: in such areas, plants can be seen in the grass, by the road or in a ditch.

Herbs are composed of the root system, stem, leaves and flower part. Unlike trees and shrubs, they, as a rule, have juicy green, non-lignified stems that, together with their leaves, are not able to survive the unfavorable season and die off after the end of the growing season, falling to the soil surface. The only exceptions are the tropics, where grasses have perennial aerial parts, sometimes reaching very impressive sizes.

Herbaceous plants usually grow in open areas and provide readily available food for many animals. Their flowers are inconspicuous, small, with tiny scales, grow in inflorescences. They are located on long stems that expose them to the wind, which serves as an excellent pollinator. The fibrous roots of these plants grow so much that they form a tangled layer in the soil - sod, the thickness of which is several centimeters. It strengthens the soil, does not allow the strong wind to carry it away, and a day or two after the rain gives life to new leaves.

Many of these plants have medicinal properties - these are the so-called medicinal herbs. They create a mild and effective effect on the human body with no side effects, they are able to maintain it in good shape, increase efficiency and improve the quality of life. With their help, many diseases have been successfully treated since ancient times.

Grasses are completely unpretentious plants and only need an abundance of light. They are not at all able to exist in the deep shadow of the forest, but they can easily withstand the absence of rain, the scorching sun, mowing with a lawn mower and constant plucking by grazing animals. They are even able to survive a fire: if the fire devours their leaves, then the root system remains intact. Such remarkable endurance of herbs is due to the peculiarities of their growth. Their vessels, unlike trees and shrubs, do not form networks, but stretch along the entire length of the leaf. The leaf growth point is located at its base and is active until the end of the plant's life. Therefore, if the upper part of the leaf is damaged or torn off, it continues to grow from the base.

All herbaceous plants are classified as annuals, biennials, and perennials. Annuals (millet, tomato, aster, cornflower, etc.) after the end of the flowering and fruiting season, die off completely, and then grow back from seeds. They go through their full life cycle in one season. In spring annual grasses, the seeds germinate in the spring, and the plants die off in the fall. In winter annuals, the seeds begin to germinate in the fall, then the plants hibernate in the form of a shortened shoot, and over the next year they bloom, bear fruit and die off.

Biennial herbs (carrots, cabbage, parsnips, caraway seeds, burdock, etc.) live for two years. In the first year, a taproot and an shoot with basal leaves develop from the seeds, and a flowering shoot is formed the next year. After the flowering and fruiting season, biennials also die off. In addition, they are distinguished from annuals by the presence of remnants of last year's leaves at the base of the stem, and from perennials by the absence of rhizomes, bulbs and tubers.

Have perennial herbs (peony, mint, dahlia, clover, tulip, etc.) creeping on the ground or underground shoots live for several or many years, and aboveground ones - only one year. Many of them only after five to ten years from the moment of seed germination reach the flowering period, which can be repeated up to two decades. The ground parts of these plants do not lignify and completely die off, and new shoots grow from the renewal buds located on the underground shoots every year.

The cultivation of herbs from seeds is now as widespread as the cultivation of ornamental or pot plants, even though many herbaceous varieties are bred and propagated vegetatively. The collection of herbs cannot be carried out totally (to pluck every one of the plants). It is imperative to leave 1/5 of the plants so that they can further multiply and develop.

In the garden center "White Orchid" there is a large selection of perennial plants to decorate the garden, you can pick up the plants so that the garden was blooming from early spring to late autumn.

In the collection of the garden center "White Orchid" there are both beautifully flowering perennials and decorative deciduous ones with ornamental foliage and allowing to put the necessary accents in flower beds.

Aconite, wrestler - tuberous perennial plant.

The tubers that gave a flowering shoot completely die off in the fall along with the stems and roots. Daughter buds of renewal, developing on the lowest part of the annual stem and having by this time formed their autonomous roots and even basal rosettes of leaves, become isolated, forming a colony of young plants. Aconite is 70-100 cm high, flowers are up to 4 cm long, irregular, with a large helmet, purple.

In the collection of the garden center "White Orchid" there is a garden form of aconite - two-color, violet-white. Blooms from July to September. It is frost-resistant, poisonous, undemanding to soil, tolerates light shading.

- a perennial plant with a branched rhizome growing upward.

Small flowers are collected in graceful elongated paniculate inflorescences. The color of the flowers is varied - white, cream, pink, red, lilac. Blooms in June-July. Prefers well-moist, semi-shaded places. Propagated by dividing the bushes in spring or late summer.

- a widespread perennial plant, a bush 20-30 cm high. Astra is photophilous and cold-resistant. It grows well on light permeable soils, well filled with organic and mineral fertilizers. Alpine aster blooms in May-June. The inflorescences are solitary, with a diameter of 2 to 4 cm. During the dry period, Alpine aster needs regular watering. Asters are propagated by dividing the bush, immediately after flowering.

- perennial plant. The rhizome is terrestrial, creeping, thick. The leaves are very large, rounded, leathery, shiny, form beautiful picturesque rosettes that remain under the snow in winter and dry out only for 3 years. In autumn, the leaves acquire a beautiful color. Badan is unpretentious - it grows well on any soils, except swampy ones, in sunny places, in partial shade and even with strong shade. Flowering - spring-early summer. Propagated by dividing rhizomes in the spring.

- a perennial herb. The bush grows to the sides, forming thickets. The leaves are round-cordate, rough, on a long petiole. The flowers are small, sky-blue, in loose paniculate inflorescences, blooms in early spring.

Brunner prefers loose, fertile soil. Shade-tolerant. Winter hardiness.

Propagated by sowing seeds and dividing the rhizome in the fall.

- bush 80-150 cm high. The leaves are palm-shaped, deeply dissected. Small yellow flowers in a narrow racemose inflorescence, blooms from July to autumn.

Buzulnik is photophilous, but also tolerates light partial shade, winter-hardy, grows well on any cultivated soils.

Buzulniks reproduce by sowing seeds and dividing rhizomes in spring.

- perennial bulbous plant. The flowers are pinkish-lilac. It grows well on fertilized moist sandy loam soil ... It is planted in the ground in autumn to a depth of 8-10 cm. In one place, the crocus can grow for several years. For the winter, the crocus should be covered with fallen leaves, dry branches.

Colchicum blooms in autumn, blooms in a leafless state.

Verbeinik (Lysimachia) - rhizome herbaceous perennial, winter-hardy.

Moisture-loving, blooms from May to July.

Monet loam is very good as a ground cover plant.

- a perennial herb that grows well in full sun on any garden soil.

They are planted in curbs, mixborders. Low-growing Veronica species are well suited for rocky gardens.

Veronica is propagated by division, cuttings and sowing of seeds.

- rhizome perennial, the whole plant is densely pubescent, flowers are solitary, 3-6 cm in diameter, white or cream.

They prefer light, loose, fertile, well-drained and sufficiently moist soil. The anemone tolerates partial shade well, blooms in June.

Propagated by root suckers, seeds.

- an excellent plant for decorating flower beds. Perennial carnations are good as low borders, they form lush bluish-gray pillows, they also fit very organically into compositions among stones. Garden carnation flowers have their own unique spicy aroma. Carnation prefers open, sunny places, well-drained soil. Propagated by sowing seeds, cuttings.

- a perennial plant up to 1.5 meters high, with erect, densely leafy stems, which die off along with the roots at the end of the growing season; by this time, the buds of renewal on the underground part of the annual stem form their roots and wintering leaf rosettes.

Thus, helenium does not have a perennial rhizome, and the "bushes" are colonies of independent plants.

Young plantings of gelenium are more winter-hardy, in old bushes, the buds of renewal are at ground level or higher and can freeze slightly in winters with little snow, so it is better to spud the old bushes for the winter.

Autumn helenium blooms in the second half of summer, the color of the flowers from golden yellow to bronze red. Helenium propagates by sowing seeds, as well as dividing the bushes. Prefers light fertile soils, open sunny places.

- herbaceous perennial, blooms in June-July with graceful small drooping bells.

Heuchera is photophilous, but tolerates partial shade, cold resistance, prefers light fertile soils.

Propagated by seeds, dividing the bush in early spring.

- a little common perennial. Low-growing plants with bell-shaped dark or light blue flowers. Grows well in partial shade.

The gentian is winter-hardy, but requires shelter in winters with little snow. Propagated by dividing bushes and freshly harvested seeds, which are sown before winter.

- a perennial with a straight hollow stem, 1-1.5 m high. Delphinium is photophilous, it prefers loamy, fertile soils.

Propagated by seeds, dividing the bushes, and it is better to divide the bushes in spring.

Delphinium inflorescences are very decorative, they are often used for cutting.

- hygrophilous perennial.

The flowers are lilac-pink, collected in long spike-shaped inflorescences.

Very good for planting near bodies of water. Winter-hardy, unpretentious.

- broken heart. A very interesting herbaceous plant with graceful pink or rose-red flowers in the form of hearts. Dicenter blooms in late May - early June, hardy, but requires shelter in winters with little snow.

Prefers open or shaded areas, light, humus-rich soil. Propagated by dividing the bushes, stem cuttings.

is a perennial short-rhizome plant with creeping shoots rooting at the nodes. Flowering is long, the plant can have both flowers and ripening berries at the same time.

Dyusheniya is very unpretentious, winter-hardy. Duchenie is often used as a ground cover plant replacing the lawn.

There are several types of irises in the White Orchid.

is the most common iris class. Their main distinguishing feature is a beard on the central vein of the outer perianth lobes. For successful overwintering, bearded irises need light shelter for the winter. grow well on sandy and sandy soils. For landing, it is better to choose a sunny place protected from the winds. Bearded irises reproduce by dividing rhizomes immediately after flowering.

- frost-resistant plant. Unlike bearded irises, these irises are moisture-loving, their flowers are more graceful, and there is no beard.

Siberian iris reproduces by dividing the bush, and the planting unit must have at least 2 leaf bundles.

is the perfect plant for the lazy gardener. Absolutely unpretentious. About marsh iris we can say - "I planted it and forgot it."

It grows well both in the sun and in the shade, frost-resistant, tolerates excess moisture. The height of the bush is 1-1.5 meters.

- also quite an interesting plant for lazy gardeners, its main requirement is an open sunny place without stagnant water. It winters well, keeps leaves well until frost.

Blooms in June with graceful bluish flowers. Propagated by dividing the bush and seeds.

- a perennial herb.

It grows well on moist, sandy loam or loamy soils.

Blooms in May-June.

Propagated by dividing bushes, separate rosettes and seeds.

is a herbaceous perennial plant that grows well in open areas and fertile soils.

Bloom from June to September. Propagated by seed or dividing the bush. Frost resistant. Often self-seeding.

- herbaceous rhizome perennial. The bush reaches a height of 70 cm, flowers are solitary, 6-7 cm in diameter, solitary, orange.

The swimsuit blooms in June-July. The plant is hardy, moisture-loving. Optimal growing conditions are moist, loose, fertile soil. The bather grows well in partial shade. Propagated by dividing bushes and sowing seeds.

- the closest relative of the lily of the valley. In the collection of the garden center "White Orchid", the kupena is presented in a variegated form - a white border goes along the leaf.

The plant is unpretentious, winter-hardy, grows well in partial shade. Propagated by dividing rhizomes.

Lumbago - open snowdrop, sleep-grass. It is frost-resistant, grows well in open places with sufficiently moist soil, but can also grow in the shade.

Decorative not only during flowering, but also during fruiting, lumbago has very interesting fluffy silky fruits. For more details on lumbago, see.

Primula, primrose - perennial winter-hardy plant. Primroses grow well and bloom profusely in spring in semi-shady places on well-fertilized, sufficiently moist soil. For perennial cultivation in one place, it is necessary to add nutritious soil to the base of the bush to protect the primrose from freezing.

Primroses reproduce by seeds and division of bushes.

Day-lily - here is another favorite plant for the lazy gardener. The daylily is also called the daylily, because each of its flowers lives only for a day. The plant is unpretentious, but prefers fertile and sufficiently moist soils, grows both in the sun and in partial shade. Propagated by dividing the bush.

Cuff, alchemilla is an interesting perennial plant. Unpretentious, winter hardy. It can grow both in open places and in the shade. In the garden center "White Orchid" soft cuff is grown. She prefers light, fertile, sufficiently moist soils. It blooms with small, inconspicuous flowers of yellow-green color. Very good for the foreground in a flower border - it has a beautifully shaped bush. Its most important property is that it "knows how" to push excess moisture out of the leaves. This is a truly magical sight - the cuff around the edge of the sheet is all decorated with a necklace of large transparent beads.

Sedum, sedum - unpretentious perennial plant. It grows well on any soils, except for wet swampy. Prefers open, sunny places. Propagated by dividing bushes and grafting stems.

Phlox subulate- creeping perennial. Flowers are small, numerous white, pink, blue or purple in color, completely cover the shoots so that during the flowering period the leaves are not visible. Phlox subulate reproduces by cuttings. Ideal for rocky gardens. Although phlox is subulate and winter-hardy, it is still better to cover it with light covering material for the winter.

The name "grass" brings together many plants. In fact, this family is one of the largest in the plant kingdom, and about ten thousand of its members are scattered around the world. Looking at the very simple leaves of herbs, you can imagine that it is something very primitive - and you are wrong. Herbs are the product of a long evolution. So their flowers are sometimes not even considered flowers. The fact is that grasses grow in open spaces, where the wind almost always walks, and therefore they do not need other pollinators. If they do not have to lure insects, bats or anyone else, then there is no need for bright large flowers. On the contrary, the flowers of herbs are small, inconspicuous, with tiny scales instead of petals, and they grow in inflorescences on tall stems that expose them to the wind.

Herbs need only one thing - an abundance of light. They are not able to grow in deep forest shade. But they easily endure many hardships that would cripple or destroy plants of other families. They can withstand not only the frequent lack of rain, but also the scorching sun. They survive fires: if the fire devours their leaves, the root system at the soil surface is rarely damaged. They even withstand constant picking by grazing animals or mowing with a lawn mower.

Such remarkable endurance is due to the peculiarities of the growth of herbs. The leaves of most other plants develop from buds on a stem, along with a complex network of vessels through which sap flows, and quickly reach their final size and shape. If damaged, they will clog the destroyed blood vessels to prevent the juice from leaking out, but they cannot help themselves anymore. A leaf of grass is arranged differently. His vessels do not form networks, but stretch straight along its entire length. The growth point is located at the base of the leaf and remains active until the end of the plant's life. If the top of the leaf is damaged or torn off, it grows from the base until it regains its length. In addition, the grass spreads not only through seeds, but also by throwing horizontal stems along the ground, each articulation of which is capable of producing leaves and roots.

The fibrous roots of herbaceous plants grow so much that they form in the soil a matted layer several centimeters thick - the so-called sod. It keeps the soil in place even during a drought, does not allow the wind to carry it away, and as soon as the rains pass, new leaves will appear in a day or two.
These viable plants, well adapted to their environment, appeared relatively recently. In the era of dinosaurs, they did not exist yet, and therefore herbivorous lizards had to be content with horsetails, cycads and conifers. When the new trees in the forests began to bloom differently than the conifers, and the lakes were covered with the stars of water lilies, the dry flat plains beyond the forest edges were still bare land. And only some twenty-five million years ago, when the era of reptiles ended and the rapid expansion of mammals began, grasses finally began to colonize the plains.

Nowadays, herbaceous plants cover a quarter of all land. The grassy plains have many names: pampa in the south of South America, llanos in the Orinoco basin in the north, prairies in North America, steppes in Asia and north of the Black Sea, veld in southern Africa and savannah in the eastern part. of this continent. These are all very fertile areas. Individual herbaceous plants can live for several years, after which they are replaced by new shoots, but the dead leaves turn into humus, which loosens and enriches the soil, opens up air to it. Among the grasses, partly covered by them, small flowering plants thrive - vetch and other legumes, which accumulate nitrogen in their root nodules, daisies and dandelions that collect small flowers in beautiful inflorescences, and all kinds of other species belonging to other families that accumulate nutrients in bulbs and rhizomes. An evergrowing herb that can withstand droughts and floods, grazing herds and fires, succulent in wet areas, dry and tough in dry areas, yet edible and readily available for a wide variety of animals. In fact, a hectare of grassy plain is able to feed significantly more units of live weight than any other area.

There is no steppe without wild animals grazing, it simply degrades - either it becomes overgrown with bushes, or accumulates a huge layer of "felt" of dry grass, which no one eats. It will ultimately burn out like a powder keg. Therefore, all other reserves, which include areas of grassy steppes, are forced to fight this "felt" - or mow it, or even set it on fire in order to free the land. The ideal steppe is best maintained in conditions of moderate grazing of ungulates.

The cultivation of herbaceous plants from seeds is as widespread as the cultivation of potted or even alpine plants. Although most herbaceous varieties are bred and require vegetative propagation, many, such as delphiniums and lupins, can be successfully grown from seed.
The seeds of many cold-resistant plants, especially those ripening in late summer or autumn, must be kept in the cold before germination in order to bring them out of dormancy.
If plants bloom in spring and seeds form in summer, then the latter, as a rule, do not have a dormant period; they are harvested and sown slightly green. The seeds germinate very quickly and the seedlings appear even before the onset of winter.

Some herbaceous plants, especially members of the legume family, such as lupine, have very dense peel seeds. This prevents their early germination: it takes time for the peel in the soil to break down and the seeds can begin to absorb water. To speed up the germination of these seeds, their skin is cut with a safety razor blade and thus facilitates the entry of water into them; in addition, the seeds can be rubbed with coarse sandpaper or other abrasive materials.
The dormant period in some herbaceous plants, for example, in lilies and peonies, proceeds in a rather peculiar way, delaying the emergence of seedlings. If sowing is carried out in the winter-spring period, with an increase in temperature, the seeds begin to germinate, but at the same time one root system is formed. For the development of stems, the plant needs to survive another period of winter cold. As a result, seedlings appear only in the spring of the second year.

Ornamental herbaceous plants are easy to grow and care for. Most ornamental grasses are unpretentious and grow well on ordinary soil; fertilizers have to be applied extremely rarely. They are rarely susceptible to insect pests and diseases.
Herbaceous plants in the forests of our country are much more common than shrubs and trees combined. The length of their stems is usually short, although there are also quite high ones - banana, reed, corn, etc.

A feature that characterizes herbaceous plants is a soft or succulent aerial stem. It is believed that these types of grass are the result of the evolution of woody representatives of the flora. Scientists came to this conclusion by comparing their anatomical structure with the anatomical structure of one-year-old branches of related tree species.

Herbaceous plants are subdivided into several types according to their lifetime: annuals, biennials and perennials.
Annuals include those whose entire life span is one growing season, i.e. one season that is favorable for their growth. As a rule, the seeds of such plants germinate in the spring, then they reach their normal size, bloom, bear fruit, and then completely die off. These are millet, cucumber, tomato, corn, flowering aster, petunia, wild quinoa, cornflower, wood lice, etc.

Biennial herbaceous plants have two growing periods: in the first, their vegetative organs are formed, after which the leaves die off, but the roots remain, and in the second year shoots grow from the buds, the plant bears fruit, and then dies. These are beets, cabbage, carrots known to us, which cannot stand the cold on their own, so gardeners usually dig them up and store them in basements or cellars in order to plant pre-selected seeds in the spring. Wild biennials are burdock, thistle, caraway seeds, chicory.
However, the overwhelming majority of species known to us are perennial herbaceous plants, many of which do not reach the flowering period either in the first or even in the second year of their life, but five to ten years after germination of the seed. Their flowering and fruiting period is repeated up to twenty years. Every year, new ground shoots are formed from the buds, which die off by the end of the growing season, however, not entirely: only the upper part perishes, while what is at the level of the soil or under it remains. Sometimes shoots are spread on the ground, pressed against it covered with plant debris.

Almost all herbaceous plants of the forest are perennial, many of which hold their place for a long time, while, thanks to their long roots and ground shoots, they spread in different directions, capturing new habitats.
This variety does not reproduce well by seeds, since in the forest the soil is almost always covered with a thick layer of fallen needles or leaves, which makes germination difficult, and such a litter does not interfere with the vegetative reproduction method.
Many types of winter-green grasses grow in the forest, which reliably hide under a thick layer of snow. They are shade-tolerant and tolerate the absence of light well.

However, the forest is not the only habitat for perennial herbaceous plants. Many of them grow well in meadows, glades, in general, in any open place. Here, as a rule, they grow much more magnificently, and they bloom and bear fruit much more abundantly.
Forest herbaceous plants are always very sensitive to soil conditions: the presence of nutrients and moisture, so they can be called a kind of indicator of the state of forest land. That is why many of them are closely related to their distribution with the type of forest: some grow among deciduous trees, others among conifers.
However, it is worth noting the fact that among herbaceous plants there are also those that have a very wide distribution area, independent of the type of soil. These are the so-called indifferent plants.