Polyvinyl acetate water-based paints - characteristics and composition. Types of water-based paint for interior use Technical specification water-based

Nowadays, experts are increasingly advising to use water-based paint for external and internal finishing work. In comparison with other paints and varnishes, it is easier to work with it, moreover, it does not leave an unpleasant odor. And what is water-based paint, you can find out by familiarizing yourself with its composition.

What is the paint made of?

The main composition is represented by tiny particles of polymers suspended in an aqueous medium. Depending on the manufacturer, water-based paint in the composition can have a large number of additives - from 10 to 15, namely:

• defoamers to reduce the formation of foam;
• antifreeze - they prevent freezing;
• thickeners;
• corrosion inhibitors;
• antiseptics;
• plasticizers;
• additives that increase the viscosity of the structure;
• preservatives and more.

In percentage terms, the composition of water-based paint is as follows: foaming agent dissolved in water 50%, pigments and filler - 37%, plasticizer - 7%, and other additives account for the rest.

Production technology

The production process of water-based paint consists of several stages. At the first stage, an aqueous solution of a polymer dispersion is combined and thoroughly mixed with fillers and pigments. This mixture is in the form of a paste, which is dispersed.

The next stage consists in maintaining the necessary additives, as a result of which water-based paint that meets all standards is obtained at the output.

At the final stage, finished products are filtered through mesh filters and packaged in containers. Work on the manufacture of water-based interior paint must be carried out in rooms where the air temperature does not fall below + 5 ° C.

Benefits

Quality paints based on water emulsions have a lot of positive properties. First of all, this refers to their harmless composition, which means that it will not harm human health.

The water emulsion is distinguished by the absence of a sharp specific odor and fast drying. Often, the consumer is interested in how long the water-based paint dries; professionals say that in some cases this takes about 2 hours. It is possible to apply this paintwork using a peculiar method - electrodeposition.

The composition allows you to make the color of the water-based paint different by adding special pigments. The store has a catalog with shades, and the client can choose any one he likes, and the specialist will prepare the paint and varnish material of the desired shade on site. Although on sale most often there is a white water-based paint. Other pluses are:

• ease of application;
• ease of cleaning tools after painting.

Water-based paints retain their original appearance for a long period without cracks and delamination during operation. The main disadvantage is the need to carry out work exclusively at a temperature of + 5 ° C.

Acrylic paints

The types of water-based paints differ, since they have different polymers included in the composition. There are several main types:

• acrylic;
• silicate;
• silicone;
• polyvinyl acetate;
• mineral.

Acrylic resins are added to the composition of acrylics, thanks to which the finished product acquires resistance to water. After painting with water-based paint, the surface can be washed, this does not lead to washing off. It contains latex. It helps to repair minor cracks in the ceiling and walls. They become even and smooth. However, it must be borne in mind that this can be achieved after applying at least 2 layers. Acrylic compounds adhere perfectly to materials such as:

• glass;
• wood;
• brick;
• a rock;
• concrete.

A high degree of adhesion is also observed in relation to the metal, which must first be primed. Drying time is several hours. As a result, a plastic film is obtained that perfectly protects the surface from the influence of the external environment. Acrylic compounds serve for a long time and at the same time:

• do not crack;
• do not fade.

The acrylic compound is not recommended for painting wet surfaces.

Silicate water-based paints

Silicate water-based paints are a mixture of an aqueous solution, which includes:

• liquid glass;
• colored pigments.

These components endow this material with good resistance to atmospheric changes. However, it must be borne in mind that it is not recommended to use it for interior work in wet rooms. Otherwise, the coating may well be damaged.

If all recommendations are followed, the service life is at least 20 years, suitable for application on surfaces both inside and outside. Silicate compounds are capable of letting in steam without trapping air, but they poorly keep walls from moisture. They are recommended for use in buildings with unstable groundwater.

Silicone paints and varnishes

To find out which water-based paint is better, a more detailed acquaintance with the characteristics of each of its types will help. Silicone paints contain silicone resins. They combine the characteristics of both silicate and acrylic paints. The cost of this paint and varnish material is quite high. It can be used to paint all mineral coatings, while 2 mm cracks are perfectly painted over.

This waterproof paint is vapor permeable. It is used to paint damp surfaces and those that are exposed to moisture, which makes it impossible for a fungus to appear on it for a long time. Due to this property, this washable paint is used in hospitals and laboratories.

Mineral compositions

Mineral water-based paints contain cement or hydrated lime. The main thing for which they are intended is the performance of painting work on surfaces made of brick and concrete. When hardened, mineral paints give the surface protection, making it resistant to:

• moisture;
• fat;
• sveta;
• oils;
• household chemicals.

The downside is the short service life.

Polyvinyl acetate water-based paint

This type of paint and varnish material is the most inexpensive, but it is of high quality, which is why it is so popular. It is made on the basis of PVA. It is used exclusively for painting indoor ceilings and walls. The main positive properties are:

• absence of harmful ingredients in the composition;
• complete safety in relation to fires and explosions;
• drying in a short time;
• the possibility of obtaining a matte and glossy effect after adding special substances.

It fits perfectly on a flat surface, intended for staining:

• wood;
• cardboard;
• plaster and other porous materials.

There are some downsides that can be felt if used incorrectly. The main ones are the sensitivity to moisture and the prohibition of use in wet rooms. In this case, she has a low resistance.

Technical characteristics must be taken into account before purchasing this type of paint and varnish products. They mean:

• composition;
• specific gravity;
• consumption;
• viscosity;
• shelf life;
• storage conditions.

The specific gravity of the moisture-resistant water-based paint is approximately 1.35 kg / l. For 1 layer approximately 150-200 ml / m² is consumed. The number of layers is influenced by the absorption capacity of the substrate. The viscosity of a water-based paint is an indicator that determines the degree of dilution of the coloring composition with water. There is a viscometer to measure it. The indicator is considered normal when applied:

• spray gun - from 20 to 25;
• brushes - from 40 to 45.

Air humidity and temperature affect drying time. It can be from 2 hours to a day. The best temperature, which has a positive effect on the coloring of rooms, is considered to be + 20 ° C, with a humidity of 65%.

According to the requirements, such coloring compositions are intended for external and internal work in dry and wet rooms. Depending on the purpose, it should be used. If you paint wet surfaces with dry room material, it will not last for several months, and vice versa. Not less important when choosing a paint job and appearance.

Manufacturers produce water-based compositions that make the coating:

• matte;
• silky matte;
• glossy.

Matte and silky matt paints and varnishes are well suited for painting wallpapers and ceilings. Matt paint hides the smallest flaws. But it must be borne in mind that such are not resistant to abrasion, which means that it is not recommended to wash them often.

Even very small errors become noticeable under glossy water-based paint after application. This means that the surface must be carefully prepared before application.

When the question arises of how to paint with water-based paint correctly, you need to remember some of the nuances. Before work, you need to mix it well so that the mass becomes homogeneous. If the instructions say the need to dilute with water, you need to do this. This will help it lay down more evenly on the surface.

You can add brightness to the interior by adding a special color scheme. By mixing it with paint, the desired shade is selected.

Before whitewashing with water-based paint, experts advise to dilute it in a small container, then paint the cardboard and wait until it dries. Such a test will help in the future to determine whether the chosen color is suitable for the room or not. The fact is that the material does not have exactly the same shade as on a dried surface.

Before painting, you need to carry out preparatory work. They are as follows:

• clean the surface from dust, dirt and layers of old paint;
• wash with soapy water and then clean;
• eliminate irregularities by filling them.

After everything is dry, sand and remove dust. If a person wants to carry out painting work in the cold season, it is necessary that the paint can stay in the room for at least a day, and only after that it should be opened. Remove all films and various inclusions, mix well. If you intend to use a spray gun, then add 10% water.

The amount of paint consumed is indicated on the container. But it may differ depending on the surface structure. You can read about that in a special article.

It is necessary to calculate its approximate consumption, starting tinting, to do a little more than is needed. The reason is that if the same tone is needed, it will not be possible to do this one. The new portion will be different in any case.

It is possible to somewhat reduce the consumption of water-based paint, if a layer of primer is applied to the surface before work. The best water-based paint is considered to be the one that will perfectly fit into the interior in color. Experts do not advise applying such paints and varnishes to glossy and metal surfaces due to the fact that they contain a large amount of water, and this does not allow the paint to lie on them well.

Today, a large number of materials can be used to complete interior finishing. Water-based paint is popular, which has many positive characteristics that are not inherent in all types of coloring compositions.

This material demonstrates good adhesion, variety of types, fairly simple application. Caring for the painted surface does not require special skills and equipment. But it is important to be able to choose the right paint for your renovation.

Features:

Water-based paint contains fillers and polymers (sometimes latex) in the water. In addition, an adhesive emulsion is added, due to which the adhesion of the composition becomes possible, and last of all, a pigment, which gives the paint a basic color sound.

Initially, paint components do not dissolve in water, therefore, its production is carried out in several stages:

• adding pigments and polymers to water;
• grinding (dispersing) the components of the composition;
• introduction of other additives using a special mixer (dissolver).

After that, the paint is considered ready, it is packaged and sent to stores. Moreover, the proportions of certain substances in the compositions of different manufacturers will differ.

It is thanks to the component features that the paint got its name. An emulsion is a dispersed system. Such a composition is distinguished by the presence of a mixture of microscopic droplets of two insoluble liquids. As a rule, these are water and polymers.

Another name for the paint is water-dispersion, since it is based on aqueous dispersions of polymers. They, in turn, contain suspensions of fillers and pigments, auxiliary additives (emulsifiers, stabilizers). Water-emulsion paint does not contain organic solvents, which explains its environmental safety, non-toxicity.

Advantages and disadvantages

Water-based paint has a number of advantages, among which the most significant are:

• Environmental friendliness of the composition. It is due to the lack of organic solvents. Therefore, the paint is suitable for application in institutions for children.
• Non-toxic. This paint does not smell when applied and while drying.
• Fire and explosion safety, which are explained by the peculiarities of the paint composition.
• Low abrasion resistance.
• Resistant to aggressive media, including alkalis.

• Moisture resistance allows such coatings to be wet cleaned.
• Gas and vapor permeability guarantees the maintenance of the microclimate in the room, the absence of the "steam room" effect.
• Compatible with most surfaces.
• Affordability.
• Ease of application.
• Long shelf life - 24 months. However, only the paint for which the conditions prescribed by the manufacturer have been created is stored so much.

Like any material, water-based paint has "disadvantages":

• Susceptibility to bacteria, fungus, mold, which actively multiply when paint is applied in damp, insufficiently heated rooms. The problem in this case can be solved by preliminary cleaning the wall from mold and mildew, processing it with special compounds. When choosing a water-based paint for such premises, preference should be given to compositions with an antibacterial and antifungal effect.
• This composition is not suitable for unheated rooms and outdoor work, since at negative temperatures the painted surface is covered with cracks.
• The impossibility of applying the composition on surfaces coated with adhesive and varnish, as well as on metals. However, if necessary, cover metal areas with "water emulsion", the latter are primed in several layers. After that, the paint fits perfectly and adheres to the metals.

Types and characteristics

The composition of the water-based paint can vary by the presence of certain additives. This, in turn, affects the technical properties of the paint: its appearance, scope, application features.

There are the following types of interior "water emulsion":

• Polyvinyl acetate.The basis of this composition is a polyvinyl acetate emulsion, which is a very white thick homogeneous substance. It is also the basis of PVA glue. It is plasticized (frozen at 0 degrees, afraid of frost) and unplasticized (withstands up to 4 freezing cycles). Plasticizers and stabilizers are added to the polyvinyl acetate emulsion. With regard to coloring pigments, they may or may not be present. The content and ratio of the components of the composition, as well as the production processes are regulated by GOST 28196 89. After application to the surface, the water evaporates from the emulsion, and the rest of the substances solidify, acquiring hydrophobic characteristics. After drying, a porous semi-matt surface is formed. Curing time at a temperature of +22 - 2-3 hours.

The popularity of this type of coating is due to its good hiding power (a parameter of the decorative characteristics of the coating that affects the color properties and the degree of gloss), the possibility of painting porous surfaces (brick, concrete, plaster, cardboard), obtaining a strong and attractive film, and a high drying rate.

You can get the right shade by purchasing paint of the desired color.or adding color to white paint. In the latter case, it is recommended to apply at least 2 coats of "water emulsion" to obtain a good result. Finally, it is worth noting the minimum price of polyvinyl acetate paint in comparison with other types of water-dispersion compositions.

At the same time, the paint is not suitable for rooms with high humidity. When applied to surfaces made of chalk, clay, limestone, metal, the paint begins to peel off, and with excessive mechanical stress, it cracks.

• Acrylic. The main components of acrylic paint are water-dispersion mixture and polyacrylates. It is the presence of the latter that provides increased moisture resistance of the paint, it is also called "washable" and is suitable for rooms with a high level of humidity. At the same time, the painted layer is characterized by vapor permeability; mold and fungi do not form under it. Due to its good elasticity, the paint is suitable for applying not only to walls, but also to the ceiling. At the same time, it demonstrates compatibility with almost all types of working bases, including metal ones. The latter types must be pre-primed. Due to their resistance to UV exposure and abrasion, painted surfaces retain their presentable appearance and brightness of the shade, even when exposed to direct sunlight and with regular damp cleaning.

• Latex paint - this is the general name for several types of "water emulsion", which contain latex. This additive can be present in acrylic, acrylic silicone, acrylic polyvinyl acetate and acrylic styrene butadiene paints. The main feature of latex-containing compositions is the ability to form a special "crystalline" surface structure, which acquires the properties of increased moisture resistance and resistance to aggressive media, including alkaline ones. The finished coating is characterized by a higher density than other types of "water emulsion".

Depending on the appearance of the painted surfaces, or rather the gloss / mattness indicators, the latex "water emulsion" can be of the following types:

• highly matte (CM 0-5);
• semi-matte (MP 11-29);
• matte (M 6-10);
• highly glossy (SG 90-100);
• glossy (G 60-89);
• semi-glossy (PG 30-59).

To achieve this or that effect of the painted surface, it is important to pay attention to the specified characteristics of latex compositions. So, for example, when applying paint over wallpaper, matte will emphasize the texture of the latter, while glossy will blur it and distract from the features of the texture. Latex paints have all the "pluses" of water-dispersion compositions, but at the same time they have greater strength and resistance to abrasion. However, it is necessary to use latex paint only in heated rooms, as otherwise its quality deteriorates.

• Silicatewater-based paint consists of water dispersion, water glass and color pigments. It has all the qualities inherent in water-based paints (environmental friendliness, air permeability, fire and explosion safety). In addition, painted surfaces have increased moisture resistance and retain their properties for a long time. The service life of such paint is up to 20-25 years. The presence of special additives prevents mold and mildew infection of painted surfaces.

• The peculiarity of the composition of silicone products is the presence of silicone resins in it... This allows the paint to be used on most surfaces. Other advantages include the ability to cover surfaces with small cracks (up to 2 mm in width). After drying, all defects are hidden, a flat smooth surface is formed. The paint can be used in rooms with high humidity and even be applied on semi-damp substrates. Due to the high vapor permeability, it is possible to avoid the formation of mold on the painted surface and fungal formations. It is important that the coverage characteristics are also at a height - one layer of paint is enough to obtain an optimal staining result.

The painted surface does not attract dirt, so cleaning is extremely rare. Naturally, such technical qualities become the reason for the higher cost of the product.

• The main components of mineral paint are cement and slaked limethanks to which the paint adheres well to brick, cement and concrete surfaces. If a polyvinyl acetate emulsion is present in the mineral enamel, then the dried surface will be resistant to the effects of fats and oil products. A significant "minus" of mineral compositions is a short service life.

Colors and designs

Among the advantages of water-based paint is the color variety. However, more and more often you can find white or transparent paint on store shelves. A small bubble of color is acquired for them - a composition saturated with pigment, which, when added to the "water emulsion", gives it the desired shade. The use of liquid colors allows you to get complex colors that are not commercially available. In addition, by changing the concentration of the color in the paint, you can achieve the effect of gradation when painting the surface. In other words, it will be possible to change the color intensity from more saturated to restrained.

Today experts recommend abandoning ready-made solutions and use colors. This is due to the fact that during the production of color paint, a single shade is obtained, the equipment is not capable of displaying tones or halftones. As a result of staining with ready-made compounds, the degree of illumination of the working bases and their material are not taken into account. This is why dried surfaces can lose volume, and the room itself can become dark and small.

But if it is necessary to use achromatic black, gray paints, it is better not to waste time on tinting, but to purchase a ready-made composition.

When tinting water-based paint, the following recommendations should be followed:

• The ratio of components should be selected exactly in the room where the painting will be done. In this case, a test batch is first prepared, with which a small area is painted. All proportions are recorded. After drying, the result is evaluated in daylight and electric light. If the result is satisfactory, they begin to prepare the paint and paint the entire surface.
• When adding color to the paint, do not pour the contents of the bottle immediately. It is better to do this in small portions, literally drop by drop, regularly mixing the composition. This will allow you to achieve the desired intensity of the finished product.
• You should prepare the entire volume of paint at once, otherwise in the future (when tinting in small portions) you risk not picking up a similar shade. Of course, if the work surfaces are large and the whole process takes a long time (the paint starts to harden in the bucket), then this recommendation is irrelevant. In this case, it is necessary to carefully record the proportions of paint and color used and monitor their observance during subsequent preparations of the composition.

Please note that only snow-white paint can be tinted. If it contains yellowish and other pigments, the staining result is unpredictable.

The decor of the painted "water-based" surfaces in most cases is achieved not by paint, but by using various materials and techniques for applying the composition. Drawing paint on decorative plaster is quite popular. In this case, the base color is applied to the dried plastered surface with the first layer. It is important that the coloring composition fills all the grooves and protrusions of the surface; painting with a spray gun usually helps to achieve this. The next layer (of a different or the same shade as the base, but more intense) is applied with a sponge or bald roller.

Crumpled newspaper or damp rags can produce bump or abstract stains.To do this, blot the painted and uncured surface with a piece of newspaper or rags, after wrinkling them. Application of paint with a textured roller has an unusual effect. It has a certain pattern on its surface, which is transferred to the area being designed. When choosing this method, it should be borne in mind that paint consumption will increase.

In addition to using special tools and tools at hand, you can choose special acrylic paints that provide the desired decorative effect. To obtain texture, it is better to purchase acrylic, silicone, silicate or mineral versions of water-dispersion paints. The composition of the paint can contain quartz chips or other natural filler. The result of staining will be unusual visual effects, a sense of volume, imitation of various surfaces. The painted surface is uneven, embossed, reminiscent of a rock. To simulate a wood or cork surface, Marseilles wax is used. After drying, the surface is covered with a special wax.

For rooms with high humidity and surfaces requiring frequent wet cleaning, it is recommended to use glossy water-based paint. In addition, it produces glossy, even surfaces, while the quieter matt paint has a porous structure that attracts dirt. Painting ceilings with a glossy composition allows you to visually "raise" them, increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. But if the ceiling height in the room is about 3 m, the glossy finish is lost and looks inexpressive. Glossy paint gives a strong mirror effect.

An interesting result can be obtained using a pearlescent composition. Its peculiarity is that with different incidence of light, the surface shows many shades within the same color palette. In other words, volumetricness, versatility of color is achieved. Refraction of color is possible due to the introduction of the smallest pearlescent color into the paint.

Scope of application

Possessing many advantages, interior water-based paint loses them when applied to external surfaces. That is why such formulations are suitable exclusively for interior work. "Vodoemulsions" are suitable for decorating walls and ceilings not only in residential, but also in office and industrial premises. At the same time, it is better to choose a special paint for the ceiling, it will have a thicker, more convenient for distribution, consistency.

Due to its environmental friendliness and non-toxicity, "water emulsion" is actively used to decorate surfaces in children's and medical institutions. Most water-dispersible formulations show good adhesion to basic types of work surfaces. When applied to some of them (eg metals), they need a preliminary primer. The most versatile product in terms of compatibility with working substrates is an acrylic product. When applied to porous surfaces, gloss / matt values \u200b\u200bof the paint are also important. For porous surfaces, it is better to use glossy and semi-glossy options.

Surfaces that are subject to frequent wet cleaning (in public areas or in the kitchen) are recommended to be painted with latex compounds. Even after several years of active use, they retain vapor permeability, moisture resistance and an attractive appearance. In rooms characterized by high air humidity (kitchens, bathrooms, washing and swimming pools, houses of old buildings), it is better to paint the walls and ceiling with silicate compounds, and if there is a need to protect surfaces from mold and mildew - silicone ones.

The ideal paint for wallpaper is latex. When applying other types, it is possible that the wallpaper becomes soaked and its texture is disturbed. And latex paint strengthens them, making wet cleaning possible. It is more suitable for non-woven than paper wallpaper. Moreover, the latter should be designed for painting.

If you need to paint a tree, then you should choose "water emulsion" with a special mark on the package. Such compositions not only perfectly fit on wooden surfaces, preserving their original texture, but also protect them from decay, mold and mildew. For wood, only matte versions are used, since the gloss "eats" the natural beauty of the material.

Often there is a need to paint not walls or ceilings, but small elements rooms, for example, radiators. At the same time, the coloring composition applied to the battery must withstand high temperatures and protect the surface from corrosion. For these purposes, matt acrylic paint is optimal (gloss will draw attention to irregularities and coating defects). Do not forget that the paint should be designed for application to batteries, and it is better to paint it outside the heating season.

Manufacturers

The production of water-based paint is carried out both abroad and in Russia. The leading brands are:

• Dulux is a British manufacturer, specializing in the production of building materials. Paints and varnishes are of the highest quality, and therefore at a considerable price. You can buy Dulux paint in containers of 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 liters. The price for a container with a volume of 10 liters starts at 4500-5000 rubles. In this case, the paint consumption according to the manufacturer's statement is 13-17 l / m2. The advantage is a wide range of products designed for different areas of use. There are many multipurpose interior formulations (Dulux Trade Diamond Matt, Dulux Trade Ecosure Matt, Dulux Trade Diamond Eggshell), damp rooms (Dulux Trade Supermatt) and kitchens (Dulux Realife Kitchen Matt), as well as surfaces, subject to frequent washing (Dulux Trade Vinyl Silk).

Among the brand's unique compositions, Dulux Trade Vinyl Soft Sheen (applied to wallpaper for painting), Dulux Light & Space Matt (reflective material), Dulux Magic White (has a color indicator) should be noted.

• Caparol- paint from a German manufacturer, which is another leader in the world market. For a composition for walls and a ceiling with a volume of 5 liters, you will have to pay about 750 rubles. Moreover, the cost of paint is affected by its moisture resistance. The higher the last characteristic, the higher the price of the composition. Consumption averages 90-150 g / m2. There are also product varieties that differ in their scope. Interior paint can be universal (Caparol Alpina Matllatex, Caparol Malerit), for surfaces susceptible to mold (Caparol Fungitex-W), washable (Caparol Samtex 3 E. L. F.). For batteries and radiators, the manufacturer offers Caparol Alpina Heizkorperlack.

Water-based paint is probably one of the "youngest" paints and varnishes, but in the shortest possible time won the popularity of consumers. This is due to a number of positive properties that are actively used by professionals and home craftsmen who decorate premises after renovation. It is a wonderful material for interior work, in particular, for painting walls. When purchasing such a product, you should definitely pay attention to the properties and consumer qualities of the product.

Characteristics of water-based wall paints

The main technical characteristics of water-based paint are:

• composition, where, in addition to the main component, there are various fillers, thickeners, antiseptics;
• material consumption per sq. meter of surface;
• viscosity, which determines the ratio of paint to water in the mixture;
• specific gravity of 1.35kg / l;
• storage conditions;
• shelf life.

This amazing substance, where the main solvent is water, has several types that are successfully used to paint indoor ceilings and walls. In a large family of water-based emulsions, the properties of which are directly related to the characteristics of the polymer included in their composition, the following are the most commonly used.

In addition, the product has several brightness levels:

• matte;
• glossy;
• semi-matte;
• semi-glossy.

Water-based paint is quite in demand for several more indicators. It is non-toxic and does not contain components harmful to health, that is, it is an environmentally friendly product. Dries on the surface from two to three hours to a day (maximum) and does not have a specific unpleasant odor.

With such a wide range of advantages of the material for painting walls with water-based paint, it is impossible to remain silent about those few disadvantages that were identified when using it:

• painting work can be performed at a temperature not lower than + 5 ° С;
• relatively short service life.

Decorative properties of paint coatings

On the market this paint and varnish product is presented both in the basic white version and in various color options. You can also get the desired color or shade by adding the desired color to the base paint. This provides ample opportunities for a variety of design solutions.

It is especially interesting to use a water emulsion when decorating:

• children's and playrooms;
• premises of preschool and educational institutions;
• children's hospitals and clinics.

Painting the walls with water-based paint allows you to give a special color to these objects and make various drawings right on the walls, make the room bright, cheerful, interesting for children and adults. Funny images cheer up, relieve fear and tension, distract from unpleasant thoughts.

Its use here is justified by the fact that the coating is environmentally friendly and does not emit toxic substances into the air, and is easy to maintain.

What water emulsion to choose for walls

The choice of paint depends on the place of its application. It is used for painting walls and ceilings, and you need to choose it, taking into account the technical characteristics and parameters that are inherent in a particular type of product.

When purchasing it, you need to take into account which room will be painted.

1. If the room is small and dark, it is better to use light, warm colors, which will visually increase the space:

• yellow,
• cream;
• apricot;
• pale pink;
• coffee;
• light green and others.

1. In large rooms with very high ceilings, it is necessary to create a cozy atmosphere, or at least a more pleasant environment, visually reducing this huge non-living space. In this case, more muted tones in shades will be most appropriate:

• blue;
• green;
• purple.

• red is a strong irritant;
• brown and bright purple contribute to the onset of depressive conditions.

It is worth noting that a seemingly pleasant bright blue color will also distract and irritate the nervous system.

1. In children's and playrooms for painting walls with water-based paint, it is necessary to choose pastel colors for the main background. On this surface, you can then make out fabulous and cartoon paintings, images of their heroes. It should be borne in mind that they should not be made with glossy paints, which give glare in bright sun or artificial light, and can have a negative effect on the state of vision of children.

How much will you have to spend on the material?

To understand what the actual paint costs will be, you will have to make some calculations, where to take into account:

• area of \u200b\u200bthe room to be painted;
• layout;
• features of the staining procedure;
• quality and proportions of the solution;
• volumes of containers in which paint is sold;
• the need to purchase tools and additional materials.

It is also important to decide how many layers of paint are supposed to be applied to the surface of the walls, whether a primer will be used, and how it will be applied.

It is worth considering that the results of the work and the amount of funds spent will also depend on the quality of the work being carried out: if the primer or paint is applied unevenly, additional layers will have to be applied, which will increase the consumption of materials and lead to additional financial costs.

But even if the calculations are carried out correctly, it is worth having a small supply of materials in case it is necessary to correct the detected defects.

Preparing walls for painting

To get a high-quality wall painting result, which will be preserved for several years, it is necessary to properly prepare the wall. For this:

• remove traces of the old coating;
• if necessary, plaster, level the surface, putty cracks, scratches, eliminate chips, wash the walls;
• treat with a primer.

In order for the coating to be of high quality and sufficiently durable, it is necessary that the surface is completely dry before applying paint.

Ways to remove old paint

Preparation for painting is directly related to the release of the surface from the old paintwork. It can be removed in different ways, depending on the thickness of the coating and the strength of its connection to the wall.

1. It will be easiest to remove the PVA-based polyvinyl acetate water-based emulsion. Taking into account the fact that water is the main component of water-based paint, removal of the old coating is possible using a sponge and soap solution.
2. Acrylic paint, which is more resistant to water and detergent solutions, can be removed using tools: it is cleaned with a spatula or a grinder.
3. Craftsmen also speak positively about a rather original way of removing old paint using newspapers. They are placed on the area to be cleaned using glue, which is prepared from starch with the consistency of thick sour cream, or you can use ready-made glue. After completely dry, the newspapers will be removed with a spatula along with the old paint.
4. The used coating can be removed with a chisel. True, this process is quite long and tedious, after which you may have to plaster and prime the entire surface of the wall.
5. Another way to remove old paint is to anneal it with a construction hair dryer, after which you can free area by area with a spatula. It is most suitable for removing acrylic water-based emulsion.
6. You can clean the wall surface for painting with a ready-made chemical remover. It contributes to the destruction of the structure of the old paintwork.

How to mix color with paint?

If it is decided to give the paint a certain color, it is not difficult to do this, but haste and inattention are inappropriate here. To obtain the desired color and evenly distribute the pigment throughout the mixture, you need to take several steps:

• carefully read the instructions for using the paint and the procedure for forming the required color;
• first dilute the mixture in small volumes, mix well until a homogeneous mass is obtained and paint over a small area of \u200b\u200bcardboard, let it dry well.

Such a simple manipulation will help to understand whether the desired shade is chosen correctly.

Attention! It should be noted that after drying, the color will be slightly darker.

Wall painting technology with water-based paint

The rules for applying a water-based coating to a prepared surface are not complicated; it is important to comply with them and do the procedure without haste. The procedure for painting walls with water-based paint is as follows:

• a primer is applied to the prepared leveled wall surface in one or two layers;
• let the coating dry completely;
• apply the first layer of ready-made or diluted with the color of the required shade of water-based paint;
• allow to dry and determine if the application of the second and subsequent layers is necessary.

The final color of the wall will be clear after the paint has completely dried. It is worth remembering that each subsequent layer enhances the color saturation and depth.

Council. To obtain a high-quality wall paint result and the required color, it is necessary to create natural conditions for the coating to dry. You should not turn on the fan, arrange drafts in order to achieve speedy drying. This is not necessary, given the fact that even without "violence from the outside" this paint dries quite quickly. In addition, the "artificial wind" can bring dust or dirt particles to the freshly painted surface, and the work will be ruined.

Painting tool

To cover the walls with water-based paint, traditional tools are used that are well known not only to professional painters, but also to home craftsmen. To carry out the work you will need:

• paint brushes of different sizes;
• sponges;
• rollers for paint.

It's great if someone can get a spray gun or a professional spray gun at the time of painting: they will not only speed up and facilitate the work, but also allow you to get a flat surface with the same degree of staining. However, it should be noted that such a result is possible only if you have experience with this equipment, which is not at all difficult to master. To do this, you need to be patient and be extremely careful, however, as with any other work.

The spray gun is also convenient if it is necessary to paint large areas of the walls - it allows you to cope with the work with less significant effort.

You will need brushes to apply paint in corners and in places where it is impossible to "walk" with a roller, and where the spray gun jet cannot reach. In addition, experts recommend painting the perimeter of the wall first, and this should be done with a brush. If you wish or do not have other tools for painting, you can completely complete the work with a wide brush, the size of which ranges from ten to twelve and a half millimeters.

It should be immersed in the paint no more than a third, otherwise the loss of the painting material will be increased: the paint will flow down the surface of the brush, drip onto the floor. You need to paint in short strokes, starting to apply paint from the top of the wall, gradually going down.

Video: Painting walls with water-based paint

Video: What is water-based paint

Most types of "wet" facades require a topcoat.

It takes into account both the need for protection from atmospheric moisture and the need for a decorative coating of an often nondescript finishing layer.

In addition, periodically there is a need to refresh the external surface, update or change the color of the walls.

These issues are solved by applying a layer of facade paint.

The modern market offers many varieties of facade materials, produced on different bases.

Main types:

All types of facade finishes can be used on almost any substrate:

The versatility of facade coatings makes them in demand and popular among homeowners, but the available variety sometimes makes it difficult to choose. Consider one of the large groups - water-based facade paints.

Water-based facade paint is different from all others in that ordinary water can be used as a diluent for it.

After drying, an ordinary film is formed, insoluble in water and fully meeting all the requirements for facade coatings:

• Moisture resistance.
• Water vapor permeability.
• Elasticity.
• Resistant to sunlight, the ability to retain its color throughout its entire service life.

After application of water-based facade compositions, a matte coating is obtained with excellent aesthetic qualities - surface does not glare, existing irregularities (especially when using textured plaster) do not create a feeling of "rippling in the eyes".

At the same time, the use of two or more colors for finishing embossed surfaces gives a lot of interesting effects that are possible only when using facade paint.

Elasticity and vapor permeability are important indicators... With shrinkage or seasonal movement of the soil, small cracks may appear, the quality of the paint film in this case helps to reduce their number.

Water vapor permeability helps to remove water vapor from wall materials... The absence of this quality will "prohibit" steam inside the material and will cause the coating to peel off.

The implementation of front water-based coatings for outdoor use is most often made in the form of a semi-finished product - a white base, in any desired shade.

This makes it possible to independently obtain the desired color and tone of the mixture, without wasting time on a long search for the desired option.

Water-based facade paints are produced on the same bases as any other types:

• Acrylic... The most common group of facade paints is made on the basis of acrylic resins with pigment additives. The most successful combination of price and quality of acrylic facade paints brought them to the front rows of finishing materials.
• Silicate... These paints are based on pigmented potash water glass, which increases the strength of the coating. Has excellent performance, long service life.
• Silicone... They have increased elasticity, have pronounced water-repellent properties. At the same time, silicone paints are the most expensive, so not everyone can use them. This circumstance reduces interest in the material, although in terms of durability and surface quality, such paints fully justify their price.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of water-based facade paint are:

• Absence of harsh odors usual for paints during application.
• High vapor permeability of the coating.
• Simplicity and ease of application, the matte surface looks great even when applied by an untrained person.
• ... Water-based compositions are several times more economical than other types.
• Long service life of the coating.

Disadvantages of water-based paints:

• Some discoloration after drying (often the white coating darkens slightly).
• You cannot work in bad weather - the rain will wash off the paint.

Specifications

Technical characteristics are a kind of passport of this composition, demonstrating its quality and operating parameters. All samples of water-based coatings offered on the market have rather different technical characteristics, which does not make sense to list.

Instead, let's take a look at the usual parameters, their values, and what they mean:

• Binder... This is the basis of the material, usually acts as a binder acrylic, silicone or liquid glass... You should pay attention to the percentage composition, it is usually not indicated on the packaging of low-quality materials. The amount of film-forming agent for water-dispersed compositions should be 50-60%.
• Water permeability... An important parameter, usually on the label denoted by the letter W... The lower the W value, the less moisture the coating absorbs and the better it protects against water exposure (eg W \u003d 0.05).
• Density... An indicator that gives an idea of \u200b\u200bthe hiding power of the material - ability to apply opaque coating in one go... High quality paint has an average of 1.5 kg / l.
• Scope, application conditions, etc.... All these parameters determine the most effective areas of use of the material, the type of application and other technological points that ensure the most successful use.
• Price, manufacturer... These data help to navigate how the paint matches the declared qualities, since more reputable manufacturers sell the goods more expensively, but fully guarantee the quality compliance with the passport data. Certified products automatically have all the necessary parameters, otherwise it cannot be.

NOTE!

The compliance of the paint parameters with the declared values \u200b\u200bcannot be verified in any way; you have to trust the data indicated on the label. By choosing certified products, we get the opportunity to significantly reduce the risk of buying low-quality material.

Main types and manufacturers

The production of facade water-based paints is widely developed both in our country and abroad.

Among the Russian manufacturers are:

• Admiral.
• Eurolux.
• Halo.
• Galamix.

From foreign firms:

• Dulux.
• Beckers and many others.

A simple listing of manufacturers of facade water-based coatings will not achieve any benefit, especially since the assortment is constantly updated on the market and new companies appear to present their products.

Therefore, the most correct approach is to decide on the most successful type of paint on the base, based on your conditions (house decoration material, regional climate and other features of the site) and choose the most appropriate option.

Paint consumption per 1 m2

Water based paint - economical material... Consumption during application is much lower than with other types of coatings, which does not reduce the quality indicators. Depending on the type of base and the initial density of the paint, the consumption is:

• The first layer is 0.25-0.60 kg / m2.
• The second layer is 0.15-0.40 kg / m2.

The data is taken on average, the exact consumption should be found out individually for each type of material on the package... The consumption indicated by the manufacturer is slightly higher in practice, due to the difference in conditions when tested in production and when working on site.

What surfaces is suitable for

Water-based paint suitable for most surfaces except metal... The fact is that the presence of water causes corrosive processes, manifested by the appearance of red rusty spots on the coating, which can spoil the appearance of the wall. Select appropriate materials for metal parts.

Plaster becomes another limitation for water-based paints. It is possible to apply a final water-based coating no earlier than 2 weeks after applying the plaster (some experts call a larger interval - a month).

This is due to the need to complete the crystallization of the plaster, alkali-containing substances and carbon dioxide are actively involved in the process, so you need to wait for the end of the reaction.

In general, water-based facade paints are suitable for finishing:

• Concrete walls.
• All types of plaster.
• Stone, brick.
• Wooden walls and structures.
• Previously painted surfaces.

Such a variety of possibilities gives reason to consider water-based facade coatings as universal finishing materials.

Facade painting technology with water-based compositions

Facade water-based compositions are allowed in dry weather, at air temperature from + 5 °... It is believed that the most productive and economical method of coating is using a spray gun. This method is good, but not available to everyone due to the lack of equipment at hand.

• The best option for self-painting is to use a paint roller with a soft skin, which gives a smooth surface and sufficient application density.
• The use of brushes is acceptable, but for large areas they are unproductive, so they usually paint over areas that are inaccessible to the roller, or that require high precision of the stroke.
• The first layer is applied with a thicker composition, since it is required to cover the surface as much as possible, the second layer is more liquid, it is needed to level and fix the color.
• Exposure between layers is at least 2 hours, although experts recommend not to rush and apply the second layer every other day, so as not to "undermine" the first layer.

NOTE!

Each type of coverage has its own rules that must be studied before work in order to avoid mistakes.

Using water-based paints for outdoor use is a convenient and effective way to decorate your home.

The absence of the smell characteristic of ordinary painting works, a deep matte finish that gives the walls a pleasant "soft" look, ease of application, the ability to perform all the necessary operations with your own hands - the reasons for the preferred attitude towards these materials.

Drops and drips of paint can be immediately washed off with plain water, which also increases the list of useful properties of facade water-based emulsion compositions.

In contact with

In the modern world, the environmental safety of building materials, their durability, ease of use and a minimum of time spent for the implementation of all design ideas are highly valued. Therefore, along with high-quality oil paints, water-based compositions are also widely used. Since the types of this finishing material also differ in the way they are used for different rooms and surfaces, before using them for repairs, you need to find out which type of such coating is right for you.

Features:

The water-based composition includes various polymers or mineral particles, additives, tinting pigments. When painting any wall or ceiling surface, the water component dries up, leaving a polymer film or a film of mineral particles on the surface.

Emulsion paint does not have a strong chemical odor when dried. Such a magical property allows the use of this emulsion for work indoors and for people who are allergic to this type of building materials.

Pros and cons

The positive aspects of using this staining material include:

• Very easily applied to any previously plastered surface - concrete, wood, gypsum concrete. Brushes and rollers are easy to clean with water after use.
• This paint is easily diluted as the main solvent is water. Thanks to this dilution, it becomes safe and non-toxic, therefore it is recommended for interior work, even in rooms with closed windows.
• It differs from all other types of paint in that it dries faster than all other types.
• After painting, an unpleasant odor does not remain in the room for many weeks, as after using other types of finishing materials.
• Water-based paints differ in that they are not susceptible to peeling if all the rules for storage, application and surface preparation for painting are observed.

• An important feature is environmental safety for humans. This coating is non-toxic, not harmful to humans, without a strong chemical odor.
• Dirt from surfaces painted with certain types of aqueous emulsion can be easily washed off with water and any detergent.
• Also important features are incombustibility and increased resistance to the effects of various alkalis.
• Certain types of water emulsion are recommended for rooms with high humidity - for a bath or a kitchen, but not only because they have increased water-repellency, but also because they are breathable, as they easily pass air and steam through their layers.
• This type of paint has antibacterial properties.

• The service life depends on the specific type of paint. Currently, you can pick up one that will not lose its presentation for 20 years.
• Some types of water emulsion have such a density when stained that they easily mask cracks up to 2 mm.
• The water emulsion is suitable for any interior solution, since it can be easily tinted even on its own, and the variety of colors and the possibility of using them in different percentages with paint gives such a spectrum of colors and shades that makes it possible to embody all the dreams and fantasies of professional designers and amateurs in renovation.
• Low price and excellent quality allow VE paints to compete with many types of wall and ceiling decoration for any kind of repair work.

This type of paint also has disadvantages:

• The use of water emulsion is impossible at subzero temperatures, so the minimum temperature limit is up to +5 degrees Celsius. Already at 0 degrees, it freezes and loses all its properties.
• Some types of paints have a short service life, but these types of emulsions are becoming rare and are being forced out of the market by more durable paints.
• Not always suitable for metal or glossy surfaces due to the large amount of water in their composition.

Specifications

With the help of familiarization with the technical characteristics of a particular type of VE-paint, you can choose the desired type for this particular surface.

When choosing, pay attention to the following factors:

• Composition. Depending on the fillers, thickeners, antiseptics contained in the aqueous solution, this paint may or may not be suitable for interior or exterior work, for wet or dry rooms.
• Application. What materials are suitable for covering this finishing material. Is it possible to paint wood, concrete, metal, enamels.
• Viscosity. How much and what can be diluted with VE paint.
• Consumption. Depends on the base material, its absorption characteristics. Typically, the consumption of the coloring emulsion is 200-400 ml per m2.

• Specific gravity. By the weight of the can, you can determine the quality of the paint. A good water emulsion has a density of about 1.5 kg per 1 liter. From this we can conclude that a high-quality paint in a ten-liter can will weigh about 15 kg.
• Temperature during painting and drying. What is the optimal temperature when operating this type of emulsion.
• Moisture content for painting and use.

• Storage conditions. Maximum permissible high and low temperatures at which the paint does not lose its properties. You need to store it in a place where the direct rays of the sun do not fall, in which it is cool and dark.
• The shelf life of the paint in the can.
• The service life of this type of paint on painted surfaces.

In order to choose the paint that is right for your case, it is recommended to familiarize yourself in advance with the existing types and their technical characteristics.

Kinds

There are several types of water-based paints.

Polyvinyl acetate

These paints are the cheapest. Of the positive properties, it can be noted that they are resistant to sunlight and fats. Also, these types of coatings can be painted even indoors, they are non-toxic and safe due to their components. They include polyvinyl acetate, or, in a simpler way, PVA glue.

But they are afraid of water, so surfaces painted with this type of paint cannot be washed. They are only suitable for rooms where it is dry and not used frequently.

After a while, this paint can turn yellow like old glue. Currently, this type is almost never used for repairs.

Mineral

Also relatively inexpensive paints. They include calcium hydroxide, hydrated lime or cement. Any surface can be painted with this type, but they are best suited for concrete or brick surfaces. These water emulsions are characterized by high vapor permeability and do not suffer from significant temperature drops.

The main negative characteristics - they quickly lose their original color, since they fade and are damaged upon contact - they are erased, they have a short service life, therefore they are less and less used in interior work, more for facade decoration.

Silicate

They include sodium silicate - liquid glass. These are relatively inexpensive paints. They are durable, strong, but only suitable for concrete and plastered walls. They tolerate temperature differences, vapor and air permeable. But they are afraid of water, precipitation, since they are not moisture-resistant, which means that they are useful only for painting inside the house and only for dry rooms.

For rooms with high humidity, such as kitchens and bathrooms, this type of staining is not suitable. And this material does not fit well on metal, stone, glass and ceramics.

Acrylic

And although at a price they are more expensive than mineral VE paints, the difference in price between different types of paints and from different manufacturers allows you to choose the desired finish for any wallet.

The main advantages of this type are water resistance, strength and resistance to mechanical abrasion, resistance to ultraviolet radiation, dirt-repellent characteristics. They are elastic, that is, they are applied easily and without smudges and have a high density when painting, so that they can seal cracks up to 1 mm. They have the lowest consumption of the coloring emulsion when coloring even in one layer. Suitable for any type of premises, as they are mostly washable.

Latex

These are acrylic paints based on latex or acrylates. Here, latex is part of the acrylic emulsion. And because of this, they are relatively expensive. Latex gives acrylic paint increased water resistance. Surfaces painted with this type can be washed even with the use of detergents. They can withstand 5,000 wash cycles without losing color, brightness and water resistance.

This paint can be applied to wood, concrete, brick, metal, plaster, drywall and structured wallpaper. Its composition is more elastic and covers any surface well. The double layer allows to close cracks up to 1 mm. The paint dries quickly and is odorless, which means it is environmentally friendly and harmless to health. This type of coating can be used in swimming pools and bathrooms.

The only negative is that it is not vapor-permeable and condensation can appear on it. Also, this species is afraid of low temperatures - in cool rooms, the surface painted with latex paint can crack. It has poor resistance to sun, fungus and bacteria.

Silicone

These coatings are formulated with silicone resins. They are suitable for ceilings. There are special types of silicone paints for ceilings that have increased adhesion to the surface, which means that they roll out more easily on the ceiling and do not flow.

Due to the increased density, this type can mask cracks up to 2 mm.This species is considered antiseptic, as it has vapor and gas permeability, which prevents the formation of fungus and mold. Therefore, they are suitable for painting rooms with high humidity, especially for bathrooms and kitchens. The painted surface is easy to clean.

Silicone paint can be applied to previously painted surfaces with such types of paints as mineral, acrylic and silicone, except for oil paints. Even a black interior surface is effortlessly covered with two layers of paint, since the silicone water emulsion has an increased hiding power.

The only surface that may not look very aesthetically pleasing over time is reinforced concrete. Rust spots may appear on the paint, as the reinforcement will begin to rust, therefore it is recommended to protect this surface before painting or use a new type of paint with anti-corrosion additives.

Which is better?

To choose a paint for coloring, you need to know its characteristics and take into account both price features and technical ones. You need to know which surface is at the base for painting, whether you will first prime it, what are the technical characteristics of this surface, whether it is outdoors or indoors, in which room, how long do you need to paint and to completely dry this surface.

Depending on all these parameters, you need to choose the right paint. You may not need the most expensive silicone water emulsion.

Mineral and acrylic paints are more suitable for painting external surfaces. However, surfaces painted with a mineral coating quickly lose their original color, although this coating is much cheaper than acrylic.

For painting indoors, you need to consider what needs to be painted - walls or ceilingor some kind of wooden, metal, glass surfaces. The microclimate in this room is also important. For dry rooms, all types of water emulsions are suitable, you just need to keep in mind that, although polyvinyl acetate, although the cheapest, can turn yellow over time, mineral is easily erased upon contact, and acrylic, latex and silicone are quite expensive. It is best to paint concrete or plastered surfaces with a silicate water emulsion. But for wallpaper for painting it is not very suitable, here it is better to use latex.

Acrylic, latex and silicone paints are best for wet areas. The only disadvantages of latex are that it is afraid of low temperatures and is not vapor-permeable, does not protect against condensation, as well as mold and mildew. All these types are of high cost.

All types of paint are also suitable for ceilings. Just keep in mind that for rooms with high humidity it is better to use mineral, acrylic, latex or silicone. At the same time, acrylic and silicone do not flow during staining and are more durable, although more expensive.

There are special silicone dyes for painting ceilings. Their composition is characterized by increased coverage and drying speed, which means that it allows you to paint the ceiling more accurately and easily.

Application technology

Before applying water-based paint, the following points must be considered:

• How the surface was processed. If it was primed, especially if the solution was thoroughly rubbed over the surface of the base, then one applied layer of paint will be enough. It should be borne in mind that with each subsequent layer, the color of the painted surface becomes more intense.
• When dry, the color of the paint is slightly different from the color in the can.
• The second and subsequent coat can be applied only after the previous one dries. Drying time is usually about 8 hours.
• Water-based paint should dry naturally, without drafts.

For coloring, you can use any tool - a brush, a sponge, and a roller with a long nap. Rollers with a short nap are not used because they do not capture the required amount of paint, and from the foam rollers, the water emulsion can bubble on the surface, since the foam rubber absorbs an excessive amount of paint. And even after staining, the surface may look uneven and rough to the touch.

Mineral paints can be applied with a spray gun by spraying the paint over the surface.Also, this method is suitable for painting ceilings, wallpaper, batteries and any hard-to-reach surfaces and objects.

The choice of painting tool also depends on the expected effect. Even when working with a roller, the layer of paint that can be applied to the surface, that is, the intensity of the color, depends on the length of its pile. And also when working with a roller, you may need to use a paint brush - this will help when painting in corners and in hard-to-reach places.

A sponge is used when you need to paint some objects or textured surfaces or to give texture using a thicker paint composition.

Usually start by painting the perimeter with a brush and then using a roller. Any object is advised to start painting from top to bottom, this creates a surface without streaks and drops.

It is advisable to protect untreated surfaces before painting. and glue masking tape on the skirting boards, platbands and windowsill along the border of staining. If the floors are already prepared for painting with varnish, then adhesive tape should also be glued to them so as not to complicate the subsequent work, because a partially wiped water emulsion can peep through the varnish at the points of contact between the walls and the floor, but in order to prepare an ideal surface for painting with varnish, it will go away precious time. Also, in places where one color transitions to another, you can stick adhesive tape.

Please note that the tape, even the masking tape, must be removed immediately after staining the area. If the paint dries, it will become impossible to remove it without damaging the painted surface.

If you paint ceilings, then you must first clean them of the old coating, then level the surface with putty and prime. A primer is required, as it reduces the penetration of paint into the base and increases the degree of hiding power. It is best to choose a primer from the same manufacturer as the paint, or the one recommended by the paint manufacturer.

There is the following rule - if there is only one window in the room, then the painting of the ceiling begins parallel to the window from one wall to another. The second time they paint perpendicularly - in the direction from the window to the wall opposite. That is, the last layer should always be painted towards the source of daylight. This helps to hide any flaws in the basic coverage. The paint is applied in parallel stripes, neatly overlapping the previous one by 2-3 cm.

It is advisable to keep within half an hour when painting the entire surface, since after painting it will look uneven and sloppy. Where it is impossible to paint the surface with a roller - corners, joints, use a brush, carefully painting over all hard-to-reach surfaces. If there are two window openings in the room, then they are painted twice from the window to the blank wall, placing two layers of paint perpendicularly to each other.

When painting walls and ceilings that are plastered and primed, usually two layers of painting are used, and when applying a water-based coating on paper wallpaper - one layer. Therefore, when buying paint, keep in mind that for putty surfaces you need three times more paint than for wallpaper pasted over.

VE-paint on the walls sets in about 10-15 minutestherefore, paint quickly to avoid a visible border when drying. Staining begins from the corner, painting over it with a brush from top to bottom with a strip width of 5 cm. Then paint with a roller, after pressing it on a special painting ditch or an even piece of linoleum, plywood, wood. They apply paint from top to bottom in a continuous strip, going into the adjacent one by 5-8 cm. This helps to get rid of the visible boundaries of the paint application. When there is a distance equal to one roller width to the second corner, then the corner of this wall must be painted over with a brush. If next you are going to roll the second wall, then immediately paint over the corner of the second wall with a brush.

How to dilute?

If it is written on a can with paint that it must first be diluted with water, then it is advisable to do this, since then the paint will acquire exactly the desired viscosity and consistency that will allow you to easily and accurately apply it to the surface.

Most often, a high-quality aqueous emulsion is sold in white and is tinted to the desired shade either independently or in a store using special equipment. In this case, a color scheme is used, which can also be purchased at the store.

If you tint yourself, then make a margin of ten percent more than the main amount, since in the future it may be useful for updating the surface.

It is best to dilute a small amount of the tinted paint first to check how it will look on the painted surface after drying. The color of the paint is slightly different when completely dry from what we see in the can or during the tinting process. If the expiration dates, storage conditions have been violated, if the paint is frozen, you must also first see how it will lay on the surface.

When using a device such as a spray bottle for painting, it must be borne in mind that diluting the paint with plain water is not suitable, since after complete drying, a white coating may remain on the surface. Therefore, water emulsions for paint sprayers are diluted with either distilled water, or alcohol, or ether.

It is necessary to strictly follow the recommendations of manufacturers for the dilution of paintso that it is not too thick or too liquid. If this is not done, then the surface may be painted carelessly. A thicker paint creates the effect of “pebbled” skin, shrinks, looks like a low-quality whitewash, and a thinner paint gives ugly streaks.

It should be borne in mind that after 15-20 minutes the paint begins to thicken and to stain the second layer it must be diluted again directly in the spray cans. Diluted paint should look like rich milk.

How to delete?

Sometimes it is necessary to remove the previous finish before painting it again. If before that there was a PVA-based paint - polyvinyl acetate or mineral, then it can be removed with a sponge with an aqueous soap solution.

To remove HVA acrylic or silicone paint, use a product such as a spatula or an angle grinder disc. You can remove the previous layer with a chisel. This is an almost silent method, but very tedious. A blow dryer is also often used to heat up the old finish and remove it with a spatula. Special chemical based washes are now on sale. It is necessary to apply it to the paint, gradually it will be absorbed and destroy the old layer.

Manufacturers

The production of water-based paint has been established for a long time and is very widely represented on the market.

We recommend rubber paint as a wear-resistant and easy-to-apply alternative to water-based compositions. As an interior material for walls and ceilings, such a coating primarily attracts by the ease of cleaning from grease and other contaminants. This is especially useful for families with small children - you can easily remove marks from markers or watercolor paint. The coating is environmentally friendly, safe for health and odorless. However, one should beware of inexpensive rubber paints, where price reduction is achieved by the presence of styrene-acrylic latex in the composition. With regular exposure to the sun (namely UV rays) or water, the coating begins to crack and collapse. In a living room on the sunny side, even one month of operation is enough for such consequences.

Styrene-acrylic latex is absent, for example, in durable rubber paint "Mitsar" Rezolux Universal. The service life declared by the manufacturer is up to 10 years. In addition, due to its increased water resistance, the material can be used to cover walls even in bathrooms and toilets. The advantage of "Mitsar" Rezolux Universal in comparison with analogs is in increased hiding power, paint consumption per square centimeter of surface is about 150 grams. This is about four times lower in comparison with the popular Super Decor Rubber paintwork materials. Thus, with the same area, the cost of purchasing Mitsar products will be four times lower.

Note that Mitsar is a St. Petersburg manufacturer that has been producing paint and varnish materials for 12 years, special attention is paid to achieving the best key parameters along with the lowest price among all foreign and domestic analogues. For these reasons, the company is constantly winning tenders for the supply of materials for enterprises of the State Defense Order. The company is known for its products adapted for extreme operating conditions, with increased mechanical stress, low / high temperatures and exposure to aggressive chemical environments. In the past few years, defense enterprises-customers in tenders, instead of parameters-requirements for paint and varnish materials, immediately indicated specific Mitsar products. This is a clear sign that the experience gained confirmed the correct choice in favor of the materials of this particular company from St. Petersburg.

You can choose any unknown manufacturer, possibly with a lower price policy, or you can spend money on a higher quality of paints from such well-known manufacturers as Dulux, Dufa or "Tex"... In their palette there are paints of all types and purposes, both matte and glossy, as well as semi-gloss and semi-gloss. These manufacturers have confirmed their reputation by the time spent on the sales market and the quality of their products.

For information on how to paint the walls with water-based paint, see the next video.