How to properly grow bell peppers outdoors? Bulgarian pepper cultivation and care in the open field, video and photo Sweet pepper cultivation and care of the disease

Bell pepper also called sweet, it is rich in nutrients and vitamins, in various colors, juicy and tasty.

Process growing sweet peppers has its own characteristics, as pepper is a heat-loving vegetable. To get a good harvest of peppers, you need to have knowledge and certain skills.

Consider cultivation of bell peppers from seeds, from seedlings, especially care when growing in open ground, pest and disease control, when harvesting.

Pepper is a plant of short daylight hours, and if the daylight hours are less than 12 hours, pepper begins to bear fruit earlier.

Planting pepper seeds in open ground is impractical even in the southern regions, because it is necessary to wait until the soil warms up, the pepper will begin to bear fruit later and not for long. Therefore, mainly sweet peppers are grown in seedlings.

When growing seedlings at home, pepper seeds are sown in February so that the plants are 90-100 days before transplanting into the ground. Peppers do not tolerate diving well, so try to immediately sow seeds in separate peat pots with a diameter of 8-10 cm.

There is no need to use large pots due to the slow development of the root system of the peppers.

Seedling soil

A light and loose substrate consisting of humus mixed with 1 part earth and 1 part sand is suitable. Add 1 tbsp for 1 kg of substrate. l. wood ash.

Before sowing, process pepper seeds - soak the seeds in hot water + 50 degrees for 5 hours. Then place the seeds in a damp cloth for germination for 2-3 days, the room temperature should be + 20 degrees. After such pre-sowing preparation, seedlings appear the next day after sowing.

Seeds sown in cups, pour and cover with plastic wrap or glass. Before emergence, keep the pots in a warm place with a temperature of + 22 degrees. After sprouting, remove the film and transfer the seedlings to a room with a temperature of 26-28 degrees during the day and 10-15 degrees at night.

When caring for pepper seedlings, do not allow the soil to dry out, but we do not recommend excessive watering.

Watering with warm water +30 degrees, cold water will grow frail seedlings, the plants can get sick. The indoor air should not be too dry, protect the plants from drafts and spray the plants.

In winter in February, the seedlings require additional lighting so that the daylight hours are from 7 am to 9 pm.

First feeding carried out in the phase of appearance of 2 true leaves with the following solution: dilute 5 g of ammonium nitrate, 10 g of potassium fertilizers, 30 g of superphosphate in 10 liters of water.

Second feeding carried out 14 days after the first mineral fertilizers in 2 times greater proportion than the first.

Third feeding carried out 2 days before planting seedlings in the ground. The dose of potash fertilizers in the solution is increased to 70 g per 10 liters of water.

A few weeks before planting pepper seedlings, the plants are hardened, taking them out into the fresh air for several hours. Make sure that the air temperature is not lower than +13 degrees, the seedlings may die.

Choosing a place for planting bell peppers

Pick up a plot in the garden where cucumbers, onions, pumpkins, carrots, cabbage, zucchini, and various siderates grew before. Pepper does not grow well and bear fruit if planted on a site where potatoes, eggplants, tomatoes, peppers had previously grown.

Pepper grows best on light soils. Prepare the site for planting in advance, in the fall add 50 g of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers per m2, dig deep. In the spring, add 40 g of ammonium nitrate per m2 of the plot to the topsoil.

Before planting seedlings in open ground, decontaminate the soil with this solution: dilute 1 tbsp of copper sulfate in 10 liters of water.

At the end of May, pepper seedlings are planted in open ground with a distance of 40x40 cm between plants. Seedlings are planted in a film greenhouse at the end of April.

Seedlings should be planted at the same depth as the plants grew in cups or boxes. Do not expose the roots, but also try not to drop in the root collar.

Peppers do not like cold soil, arrange for peppers in tall beds, raised 25 cm to get a good harvest of peppers.

Attention: peppers are susceptible to over-pollination, so plant different varieties of peppers as far apart as possible or separate them using tall plantings of tomatoes, corn, sunflowers.

Video - Peppers, the secret of a rich harvest

Outdoor Pepper Care

It is necessary to timely water, fertilize, garter and weed pepper plantings.

Top dressing of peppers in the open field

During the season, it is necessary to carry out 3-4 feeding with chicken manure diluted with water 1 x 10. Alternate such feeding by foliar, using spraying with nitrophos (1 tbsp. L. Per 10 l. Water).

Lack of potassium will lead to curling of the leaves, the appearance of a drying border. But pepper does not tolerate the abundance of potassium chloride.

When lack of nitrogen pepper leaves become smaller, acquire a matte grayish tint. If there is an excess of nitrogen, flowers and ovaries are shed.

Lack of phosphorus - the leaves on the lower side become deep purple, nestle on the plant stem and rise up.

When lack of magnesium leaves become marbled in color.

Video - HOW CORRECTLY TO FORM PEPPER !!! CARE AND FEEDING !!!

Pepper care

Carry out pinching in hot and humid weather, removing side shoots, especially the lower ones. And vice versa, when hot and dry weather, pepper is not stepchildren, the leaves during this period protect the plants from evaporation of soil moisture.

During the growing season, the longest shoots are pruned, especially all shoots below the fork of the main stem are removed, as well as all branches that go inside the plant. Prune every 10 days and after harvesting.

To attract pollinating insects, spray the planting of pepper with a sugar or honey solution: 100 g of sugar, add 2 g of boric acid, dilute everything in a liter of hot water.

Mulching the pepper with rotted straw (10 cm layer) will reduce the frequency of watering to 1 time in 10 days.

Timely carry out the garter of plants, it is better to do this after hilling.

Pests such as slugs, scoops, aphids, whitefly, bear and Colorado potato beetle can harm plants. It is necessary to pollinate pepper with wood ash 3 times per season.

Common diseases of sweet pepper - late blight, Septoriasis, macrosporiosis, apical rot, white rot, black leg.

In the fight against the bear, before planting in the ground, fill the planting holes with onion water (insist 500 g of onion husks in 10 liters of water for 3 days).

If aphids are damaged, treat the plants with a solution: dilute 1.5 liters of milk whey in 10 liters of water. After processing, shake with ash.

When the peppers are maturing in size and color, start harvesting by cutting off the stalked vegetables. Pepper ripening begins in early August and continues until the first frost.

Video - 10 ERRORS when growing sweet peppers

Big harvests of sweet pepper!

Bell peppers are a very popular crop among vegetable growers.

And this is explained to many.

It contains a lot of useful vitamins and minerals, the amount of which exceeds that of tomatoes and eggplants, and in terms of the content of ascorbic acid, it has no equal at all.

Pepper will decorate any dish on your festive table, giving it an exquisite taste and aroma.

It is easy to grow this plant and get tasty fruits if you follow all agrotechnical measures.

Features of sweet peppers you need to know when growing

Peppers are negatively affected by changes in night and day temperatures, as well as changes in humidity.
Insufficient coverage of the culture, especially during the period of bud formation, has a bad effect on its development.
There are varieties and hybrids of sweet peppers. Your best bet is a hybrid as it is more yielding, more disease resistant and has beautiful, even fruit.
For growing crops, flat, sunny, windless areas are most suitable.
It is necessary to prepare the ground for pepper immediately after harvesting the previous crop.
You also need to know what fertilizers and when to apply.

Features of different types of soilsthat must be taken into account in order not to be disappointed in the resulting harvest in the future:

What needs to be done to improve the fertility of the land if there is loamy soil on the site?
To do this, you will need the following components: rotted sawdust, peat or manure. All of the above must be applied in certain quantities. One bucket is required for manure, two peat, and one sawdust.
What needs to be done to improve the fertility of the land, if the site has clay soils?
To improve such lands, it is necessary to take coarse sand and the same rotted sawdust, each of them in a bucket, mix and add to the soil.
What needs to be done to improve the fertility of the land if there are peat soils on the site?
With the predominance of such lands, you need to add components such as soddy soils and humus to it. Each of them is taken in a bucket, mixed and introduced into the soil.
What needs to be done to improve the fertility of the land if the soil is sandy?
With such soils, the following substances are added: peat or clay soil, about two buckets of humus and one bucket of sawdust are added to them.

How should be right prepare the ground for sweet pepper, we list all the steps:

The first thing to know is that they begin to prepare the land for planting crops immediately after the harvest of the predecessor crop, that is, in the fall. The ideal ones are: cabbage, cucumber.
In the autumn period of soil preparation, organic fertilizers are applied along with mineral fertilizers. But before that it is necessary to carry out harrowing or shallow plowing of the soil.
But if it suddenly happened that you did not manage to fertilize the land in the fall, you can do this in the spring. In the same way and with the same fertilizers.
After applying all the necessary fertilizers, the earth is dug up. In this case, you need to immediately make the beds on which the culture will grow. Height, which should be 25-30 cm.
And the last thing that is done is the ready-made beds are watered with a solution prepared from one bucket of water and 0.5 liters of mullein.

After the measures taken to prepare the land, it can be used for planting pepper.

Varieties and hybrids of sweet peppers that you can try for planting on your site: Agapovsky, Atlant, Barguzin, Alyosha Popovich, Bogatyr, Bonus, Victoria, Vitamin, Gift of the Caspian Sea ”,“ Dobrynya ”,“ Yellow Bouquet ”,“ Green Miracle ”,“ Ilya Muromets ”,“ California Miracle ”,“ Bell ”,“ Cornet ”,“ Pioneer ”,“ Gift of Moldova ”and many others.

When choosing any of them, you must decide for yourself for what purposes you are going to use pepper.

Seedlings can be grown in three conditions, and briefly about them:

Indoor conditions. Such seedlings are best placed on windows or balconies, if there is not enough light, then you can also artificially illuminate. The water used for irrigation must settle for several hours. Indoor seedlings are fed twice. The first time when the leaves appear, and the second time two weeks after the first feeding.
In greenhouses. In order to obtain high quality seedlings. It is necessary to use biofuels, i.e. hot manure. Such seedlings can be grown with or without a pick. The best option for growing seedlings would be to grow them in pots, which are installed on the ground of the greenhouse and watered. You need to feed the seedlings at least two times.
In greenhouses. It is easier to grow seedlings in a greenhouse than in a greenhouse. In such conditions, seedlings growing in pots can be taken outside for hardening. In the greenhouse, seedlings are fed with mineral fertilizers once or twice.

Features of planting culture

Since bell peppers are mainly characterized by a long growing season, a suitable planting method would be seedling.

When planting seedlings, the distance between them must be taken into account. The best option would be 45-55 cm.

The last day of May or the first decade of June will be a suitable period for planting seedlings. Since there will already be complete confidence that the spring frosts will not come, and the culture will not freeze. The optimal time of day for such a process will be evening time, and you can also highlight a cloudy day. Thus, the culture adapts better to new conditions and is less traumatized.

In the afternoon, it is impossible to plant seedlings at all, especially if it is a very hot day.

Before planting, you need to prepare small dimples with a maximum depth of 50 cm. A little ash and humus are poured into the bottom of the hole, and then the seedlings are installed and the hole is filled up.

For faster adaptation of the plant to new conditions, they need cover with either a film or other material... After the culture takes root and takes root in the ground, the shelter can be removed.

In the first days of a plant's life, it will look lifeless and lethargic, even if you water it often, but you should not worry, this is quite normal. After ten days, the culture will revive and begin to grow rapidly. In order for the seedlings to begin better, it is necessary to carry out daily loosening of the soil.

When planting a culture, you need to immediately install the pegs so that later it does not injure it. This is necessary in order to tie up the culture in the future and provide it with normal growth without sex.

Plant pinching plays an important role in the life of culture. To form a stronger and more branched bush, you need to pinch the top. This process is carried out when the plant has reached at least 30 cm in height.

If you decide to plant several varieties of pepper. It is better to do this at a certain distance from each other. Because there may be a cross-pollination of crops among themselves, which in the future will not greatly affect the taste of pepper.

What should be observed when caring for bell peppers?

There are many diseases and pests that can harm a plant. To prevent this from happening, you need to carry out preventive measures. In the fight against them, both folk remedies and remedies that are sold on the market can help.

Also, neighboring cultures can provide protection to their neighbors. For prophylaxis, plants can be watered every two weeks with a solution, but the main thing is not to overdo it.

You also need to pay attention to the timely watering of the crop, to tying it up from excess floors, to weeding and removing weeds, as well as to the introduction of various kinds of plant nutrition for better development.

Watering the crop is very important. With proper moisture, the plant will grow and develop well. The soil must be constantly moist. But it is necessary to monitor precipitation if they are abundant watering should be completely excluded, and if not very much, then from time to time it is necessary to water the culture.

It is best to moisturize the soil in the morning, on cold nights. And if not, watering is fashionable during the day. The water temperature should not be cold so as not to harm the plant. Before watering, you need to slightly loosen the soil, this is done so that there is no bark formation around the culture.

Feed the plant is needed in several stages:

The first stage must be carried out after two weeks of planting the crop in an open area. For this event, you need to prepare a special solution consisting of carbamide, superphosphate and water. Having combined all these components, they are thoroughly mixed and 1 liter is poured into each bush.
The second stage must be carried out during the flowering of the plant. For this event, you need to prepare the following solution, consisting of carbamide, superphosphate and potassium sulfate and water. All components are mixed and applied under each bush.
The third stage must be carried out during the appearance of the initial fruits. For this event, you need to prepare the following solution, consisting of potassium salt, water and superphosphate. All components are mixed and poured under each bush, in two steps.

Loosening the ground under the planted plant must be done with extreme caution. The root systems of sweet peppers are close to the surface. In order not to harm the roots of the pepper, loosening is carried out not to a great depth.

The fruits of the culture can be removed unripe and ripe. But when you remove them unripe, you can get a larger harvest.

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Growing pepper requires care and attention. But if you prepare strong and healthy seedlings, properly care for them, then the result will be an ideal harvest of large and juicy vegetables.

Seed preparation

Bell peppers: growing and care in the open field

Taking proper care of peppers outdoors involves careful preparation. You will need tools and means for watering, weeding, feeding and frost insulation.

The timing of planting pepper in open ground

For planting, you need to wait for warm weather so that the soil warms up.

In the south of Russia and in the middle lane - in late May or early June.
For the northern regions, this time comes by mid-June, when the threat of return frosts has passed.

Hardening seedlings before planting

In order for the cultivation of peppers in the open field to be successful, the seedlings must be hardened 14 days before planting.

For several days, the window is slightly opened for 1-2 hours if the weather is warm.
Having built a sun shield from plywood sheets, they are hardened on the balcony or veranda for a week.
If the night air temperature is not lower than 14 degrees. Celsius, then it is no longer brought into the room.

Choosing a place and preparing the soil for growing pepper

Select the area where you plan to grow pepper. It must be protected from strong drafts and well lit. The bed must be pre-processed:

In autumn, the soil is carefully dug up and loosened, after which complex potash and phosphorus fertilizers are applied (50 grams per 1 sq. M.)
In the spring, 40 g of ammonium nitrate is added to the top layer of the soil on each square meter.
Five days before planting seedlings, the soil is disinfected with a solution of copper sulfate (1 tablespoon per bucket of water).

If you use different varieties, it is better to cultivate peppers in the open field at a distance from each other, since the crop tends to be pollinated. You can differentiate varieties by planting tall plants - corn, tomatoes or sunflowers.

The procedure for planting pepper seedlings in open ground

Pepper does not tolerate cold soil, so it is better to raise the height of the beds by 20-50 cm.

Pepper seedlings are watered to remove them by the roots from the containers, planted in the morning or evening, when the sun is not too active.
They are planted vertically according to the 40x40 cm scheme.
The peppers are sprinkled with earth, the area around it is slightly compacted and well watered with warm water.
Leaves of young plants break easily, so put a peg to each and tie it up.
To provide oxygen access, loosen the soil around the plant.
Cover the ridge with a film, pulling it over the previously installed arcuate rods. After rooting, remove the film.

Build a protection for peppers from the cold with the available materials at hand by building a tent made of roofing material, boards or cardboard. From above it can be covered with burlap or agrofiber.

Pinching peppers outdoors

For proper formation of the bush and good development of the fruits, pinching is carried out every 10 days. When the plant reaches a height of 25 cm, its top is cut off. As a result, the stem will give many shoots, they must be partially removed, leaving 5-6 top ones. They will serve to form the crop. Passing is carried out in hot, but not dry weather.

To attract insects to your area that will pollinate the pepper during flowering, spray it with special sugar syrup. It is prepared like this: half a glass of sugar and 2 grams are dissolved in a liter of hot water. boric acid.

Watering pepper in the open field

Growing bell pepper outdoors does not require abundant watering. The first time it is watered during planting, the second - after 5 days, then - once a week. For watering one plant, 1-1.5 liters is enough. But as you grow up, the rate can be doubled.

When the pepper begins to bloom, water it only with warm water (20-22 degrees Celsius). Watering is stopped 2 weeks before the vegetables are completely harvested. After each watering or rain, the soil must be loosened.

To reduce the number of waterings and better retain moisture at the plant roots, mulch the peppers with a 10 cm layer of quail straw.

Top dressing of peppers in the open field

Caring for pepper after planting in the ground necessarily includes three dressings per season.

The first is carried out two weeks later. Nitrogen fertilizers are needed for good growth. To do this, dissolve a tablespoon of superphosphate and carbamide in a bucket of water. You can mix urea (1 teaspoon) in the same amount of water. Pour 1 liter with this composition under each plant.
The next feeding is done during flowering. Since potassium is needed to set the fruit, use wood ash. Feed with urea again as you did for the first feeding.
The last time the pepper is fed is when the first fruits appear. To do this, dilute potassium salt and superphosphate (2 teaspoons each) in 10 liters of water.

Watch the growth of the pepper, it may need additional feeding. It can be foliar, since the plant can receive the necessary substances not only through the roots, but also through the leaves.

Problems with growing pepper and their solution

If the leaves turn yellow, then they lack nitrogen. To provide this substance, spray with a solution of urea in water in the ratio: 1 tablespoon to a bucket of water.
If pepper loses ovaries, then prepare a boric acid solution: a teaspoon in a bucket of water.
In case of poor fruit formation, feed with superphosphate or ash: a teaspoon per 5 liters of water.

Foliar top dressing is carried out exclusively in the morning or evening, otherwise the leaves may burn in the scorching sun. In this case, the weather should be calm. Feeding with yeast has a good effect on the development of peppers.

Pepper Yeast Feeding Recipe

For cooking, you need 100 grams of fresh yeast. They are soaked in 0.5 liters of water for a day. Before use, add 5 liters of water to the solution.

Dry yeast fertilizer recipe for peppers

Dissolve one packet of dry yeast in a bucket of water, add 2 tablespoons of sugar, leave for 2 hours to activate the fermentation process. Dilute the infusion with water at the rate of: 0.5 liters per 10 liters of water.

Apply this top dressing only to sufficiently warm soil. It can be applied no more than two times per season. After feeding with yeast, be sure to add wood ash.

Protection of pepper against diseases and pests in the open field

To protect the pepper from the main pests of the pepper, dust it with wood ash three times per season. This should be done in the early morning, when the plant is still growing.
To prevent damage by the bear, 1 hour before planting the pepper, fill the wells with onion water (insist 0.5 kg of onion peel in 10 liters of water for three days).
If during the growing season you find aphid infestation, treat with a solution of 1.5 liters of whey in a bucket of water. After spraying, grind with ash.

Pepper harvest time in the open field

The fruit is harvested when it has matured in size and color. Since these vegetables are fragile, it is better to cut them with a stalk.
The first crop appears in mid-August, then it is harvested every week until frost.

To prepare seeds for the next year, choose a few large fruits. Leave them on until late summer, allowing them to fully mature. Cut and wrap in paper until dry. Cut and collect seeds. Their varietal characteristics can persist for three years, if cross-pollination does not occur.

Sweet pepper: growing and care in a greenhouse

Since pepper is a very thermophilic culture, its cultivation in the open field most often starts with seedlings. When sowing pepper seeds in the ground, they are carefully processed and well tempered. That is why many gardeners prefer growing bell peppers in a greenhouse, where ideal growing conditions can be created for the plant.

For planting seedlings or sowing seeds, glass, film greenhouses or greenhouses are used. It is also now widely practiced to grow peppers in a polycarbonate greenhouse.

Technology of planting bell peppers in the greenhouse

Peppers are planted in a greenhouse in early April. You can sow with seeds, but for better yield, use 2-month-old seedlings 20-25 cm high, which already have 6 to 10 leaves.

In the greenhouse, ridges are prepared at a distance of half a meter from one another.
They make holes in them, corresponding to the size of the container in which the seedlings grew.
A solution of manure or chicken droppings is poured into the pits. To prepare it, half a liter of manure or a glass of droppings are dissolved in a bucket of warm water (about +50 C).
1 liter is poured into each well.
Pepper seedlings are watered to remove them from the container by the root.
Then the pepper is planted in the prepared holes and tied to the pegs.

Greenhouse peppers cultivation and care

The main pepper care in the greenhouse is to maintain optimal temperature conditions, water, regularly feed, weed and loosen.

The greenhouse must be ventilated and shaded in the heat.
Peppers are watered every 2-3 days, 1-2 liters of water are poured under the root of each plant.
Growing peppers in a greenhouse involves maintaining the optimum temperature. During the day it should be at the level of 20-27 ° С, at night - 15 ° С. After fruiting, it can be reduced by a couple of degrees.
Bushes spud when the soil is still wet. After drying the earth, it is necessary to loosen the aisles.

Caring for peppers in a polycarbonate greenhouse does not differ from the rules for care in an ordinary greenhouse.

How to feed peppers in a greenhouse

Growing peppers in a greenhouse is impossible without sufficient nutrients. Urea in a similar proportion is used for top dressing. But it is better to use a solution of bird droppings in water in a ratio of 1 to 15. They sprinkle 1 liter of each sprout. Before feeding, caring for peppers includes adding wood ash.

The first feeding is carried out two weeks after planting in the greenhouse.
The second - with the ovary of fruits.
The third is before harvesting.

The composition of fertilizers can be the same for each of the procedures, if the plant does not show any signs of a lack of any trace elements.

Summary

Bell peppers, the cultivation and care of which we have considered, will delight you with an excellent harvest, subject to agrotechnical rules. Follow the recommendations, carry out timely watering and fertilization and you will not have any problems with this crop.

Growing sweet pepper in the photo

Of the variety of pepper species in the culture, annual pepper, or chilli, is the most common. This type refers to the so-called sweet (or Bulgarian) pepper, widely known and popular among amateur gardeners.

There are two groups of pepper varieties - vegetable and spicy (hot). In the former, the fruits are used unripe as a vegetable, in the latter they are very spicy and used as a spice.

The fruits of pepper are very different in shape - from round to elongated-conical with a two-, four-chamber middle. In technical ripeness (before the seeds ripen), the color of the fruit, depending on the variety, is dark green, green, light green, cream, yellow. When the seeds ripen, the fruit turns red, in some varieties - orange.

The homeland of pepper is the tropics, so it is distinguished by increased requirements for heat, moisture, soil fertility; is, along with cucumbers and tomatoes, a fruitful greenhouse crop.

In the southern regions it grows and gives a good harvest outdoors. In the central (middle) strip, it is grown in glazed greenhouses.

Pepper belongs to the nightshade family, like tomatoes and eggplants. Therefore, the agricultural technology for growing pepper and other nightshade crops is largely the same. The best predecessor in the garden bed can be cabbage, beets, carrots, radishes, radishes, cucumbers, onions, garlic and green crops.

The fruits become edible 25-45 days after flowering, at which time they are green or white in color.

Ripe green fruits are considered ripe. It doesn't make sense to wait for them to turn red - they won't taste better.

Pepper is a light-loving plant; it grows poorly in the shade. The optimum temperature for development and fruiting is +18 ... + 25 ° С. At +15 ... + 20 ° C, plant growth slows down, and at + 13 ° C, it stops. Prolonged cooling has a negative effect on flowering and the formation of generative organs. Sharp daily temperature drops cause massive dropping of flowers and ovaries.

The culture cannot stand even short-term frosts. Plants die when the air temperature drops to -0.5 ° C. Therefore, it is necessary to create optimal conditions for growing pepper.

Sunny, warm days are necessary for pepper during fruiting. He does not tolerate high humidity. At a temperature of +35 ° C, buds and flowers fall off.

Pepper plants grow slowly at the beginning of the growing season, the root system grows longer than the leaf mass. Flower buds begin to form in the plant when the fourth leaf is unfolded. The ripening phase occurs 15-45 days after the appearance of the first bud.

According to the technology of growing pepper in the open field, plants are not stepchild, only the first bud is removed. Fruits are formed where the stems are branching, so well-developed plants with a large number of branches tend to produce more fruits.

When caring for peppers in the open field, regular watering at the root is required. Optimal soil moisture enhances fruit formation, promotes the yield of quality products. With a lack of moisture, the fruits become smaller, deformed, they are often affected by vertex rot.

The correct technology for growing pepper does not allow mixed planting of sweet and bitter species, since cross-pollination will occur, and in appearance, sweet forms will taste bitter.

The growing season of the culture is long (150-200 days). Therefore, even in the southern regions, the cultivation and care of pepper is done through seedlings. They start growing seedlings for open ground in the second half of February. Sow in boxes or bowls with drainage holes.

The seeding depth when planting pepper seeds for seedlings is 1.5-2 cm. Before germination, the crops are kept at a temperature of +25 ... + 28 ° C. After the emergence of mass shoots for a week, the crops are transferred to a cool room (+17 ... + 20 ° С) so that the seedlings do not stretch out. In the future, seedlings grow at room temperature +20 ... + 24 ° С.

Seedlings of bell pepper in the photo

Seedlings dive after about 20 days into pots 7 x 7 cm, one plant at a time. Weak seedlings are discarded. The pots are filled with nutritious soil. Mineral fertilizers are not added to the soil when growing seedlings. After planting seeds on seedlings for growing pepper with a small volume of pots, fertilizers are not needed for plants. On the garden beds they are brought into the hole.

When growing seedlings of pepper from seeds, they look after seedlings in much the same way as tomato seedlings. But given that peppers begin to grow a month earlier, it is necessary to lengthen the daylight hours with the help of backlighting up to 12-14 hours.

Watch the video “Planting Pepper Seeds” to better understand how this agricultural technique is performed:

How to grow a good crop of pepper in the open ground

Do not use seeds purchased from a random source for planting. The basis for high-quality seedlings, and therefore a good harvest, is quality seeds. Purchase seeds in specialized stores. On the bag with the seeds should be clearly indicated: variety, number of seeds and expiration date.
Do not sow seeds in a dense, heavy potting mix of unknown origin. The best mix is \u200b\u200bgarden soil plus special seedling soil purchased at the store. Do not forget to water the soil in the boxes first before sowing the seeds, otherwise the seeds with water will be pulled deep into the soil and the germination period will be extended.
Do not thicken seed crops; always sow the rate, otherwise the plants will stretch out, be weak, and may be affected by the "black leg".
Do not place containers with seeds on the radiator - the soil instantly dries up and the seeds that have hatched die. Crops are placed only next to the battery and must be covered with a film.
Do not use cups or other containers without drainage holes for sowing. Stagnation of water leads to the death of seeds, as well as seedlings in the initial stage of seedlings.
Do not be late with a spike picking. For most vegetable crops, this should be done after one or two true leaves appear. After picking, the plants are watered and shaded for 1-2 days.
Remember to harden the seedlings before planting them in their permanent place. 7-10 days before planting, containers with seedlings are taken out for 2-3 hours on the loggia, porch, open the windows in the room. The time spent for seedlings in the open air is gradually increased. Seedlings are planted in the evening or in cloudy weather.

The video “Growing pepper seedlings” shows how to properly plant seeds and care for seedlings:

Planting sweet pepper seedlings in open ground

Planting pepper seedlings in open ground is carried out at the age of 55-60 days. By the time of planting, it should be strong, have a height of 16-20 cm, 8-10 developed leaves, buds and form a well-developed root.

Seedlings are planted in double rows (ribbons) with a distance between ribbons of 60 cm, between rows of 30 cm and between plants of 20 cm.Wide aisles are made for passage during harvesting and plant care, and in narrow ones, grooves are made for irrigation.

Low-growing varieties of this culture can be planted thicker, tall ones - to give more distance. The main thing is that adult plants should close with crowns.

When planting in open ground, pepper seedlings are not buried, since no additional roots are formed above the root collar on the stem, as in eggplant. Buried plants grow poorly and do not give a good harvest. For the same reason, growing peppers never huddle.

Proper care for sweet peppers outdoors: watering and feeding

When caring for peppers, fertilizing and regular watering are necessary.

Watering. From an early age and throughout the growing season, pepper needs frequent watering and mandatory loosening of the soil after each watering or rain.

Excess moisture, like its lack, is contraindicated in pepper. Excessive watering reduces air access to the roots, the leaves become pale green and the plants wither.

Insufficient watering of sweet peppers inhibits plant growth, leading to the shedding of flowers, ovaries and the formation of small fruits. The frequency of irrigation depends on weather conditions and the phase of plant development, but mostly at least 1-2 times a week.

Correct watering of peppers is carried out only with warm water. From wells and wells, water for irrigation must be preheated in the sun in containers for 2-3 days.

Fertilizing and feeding. Pepper needs fertile soil. It grows successfully on light loamy and black soil, well supplied with nutrients, including nitrogen. Salt and heavy loamy soils are not suitable for pepper.

Peppers, like tomatoes, need phosphorus. He needs both organic and mineral fertilizers. For feeding peppers in the open field when planting seedlings, a tablespoon of superphosphate is added to each hole in a mixture with humus or just with earth.

During the period of budding, flowering and fruiting, every two weeks they give additional fertilizing with complex water-soluble fertilizers ("Sudarushka", "Agrolux", "Aquarin", "Solution" or "Zdraven", etc.). They are alternated with organic fertilizers.

In the second half of summer and autumn, sweet pepper is fed by "Kaliyphos".

Harvesting is carried out selectively when the fruits reach the consumer (technical) maturity (green). The collection is weekly, preventing the formation of seeds in them, as this will inhibit the appearance of new ovaries. Carefully remove the fruits with both hands so as not to break off the shoots of plants with pepper.

The video "Growing Pepper" demonstrates how to properly water a crop:

In this section of the article, you will learn about pests and diseases of pepper, as well as measures to combat them in your personal plot.

Stolbur (small-leaved) pepper leaves in the photo

Stolbur (small-leaved) - a viral disease manifests itself with a chlorotic color of leaves, internodes are shortened. The leaves then wither, droop and fall off. Stolbur is not tolerated either with the juice of a diseased plant, or with seeds. The main carrier of the disease is the circadian.

Planting high-quality seedlings in the ground, systematic watering followed by loosening the soil, and weed control are the basis for the prevention of this disease.

Pepper rot of peppers in the photo

Vertex rot - a disease of a physiological nature. It manifests itself at high temperatures and low relative humidity.

Regular even watering. Root and foliar dressing with calcium nitrate, as well as superphosphate during the period of intensive fruit growth, allows you to get a full harvest.

Black bacterial speck of pepper. Not only fruits are affected, but also leaves and stems. On the leaves, the spots are small, at first watery, and then blackening, the tissue around the spots turns yellow. The disease is transmitted with seeds and plant debris. Preventive spraying with a copper-containing preparation “Abiga-Peak”, starting with seedlings, allows you to get healthy fruits of pepper.

During the harvest season, to contain the spread of the disease, use the biological preparation "Gamair", which has a therapeutic effect.

Fusarium wilting. Symptoms first appear as slight yellowing of the leaves and wilting of the upper leaves. As the wilting progresses, the leaves can turn dull green to brown and remain on the plant. When the stem or roots are cut, reddish-brown stripes are visible in the conducting tissues. Diseased plants must be removed.

Look at the selection of photos “Diseases of pepper and measures to combat them”:

Spider mite on pepper in the photo
Spider mite in the photo

Spider mite. In the steppe zone, pepper plants are often colonized by spider mites. When a pest appears, treat the plants with Iskra-M or Fufanon. If the crop is on its way, use Tuoeum Jet, colloidal sulfur or Bitoxibacillin.

Aphids on pepper (photo)
Aphids in the photo

Aphid. This pest can also create problems when growing a crop. To fight, use Iskra Zolotaya or Confidor, Komandor with a waiting period of at least 20 days. During the harvest season - Fitoverm, Iskra Bio, Akarin (waiting period 2-3 days).

Here you can see photos of diseases and pests threatening the crop:

Spider mite on sweet pepper leaves (photo)
Aphids on sweet pepper leaves (photo)

The best varieties of sweet pepper for open ground: photo and description

Traditional sweet peppers combine excellent fruit set, large fruit size and excellent taste. They differ in ripening period, fruit color, their weight up to 200 g, with a fleshy, juicy wall. They are characterized by a friendly return of the harvest.

These varieties include:

Pepper seeds "Gift of Moldova" in the photo
Pepper "Gift of Moldova" in the photo

"Gift of Moldova",

Seeds of pepper "Swallow" in the photo
Pepper "Swallow" in the photo

"Swallow",

Pepper seeds "Belozerka" in the photo
Pepper "Belozerka" in the photo

"Belozerka",

Pepper seeds "Winnie the Pooh" in the photo
Winnie the Pooh pepper in the photo

"Winnie the Pooh",

Seeds of “Venti” pepper in the photo
Pepper “Venti” in the photo

Venti

Pepper seeds "Caramel" in the photo
Pepper "Caramel" in the photo

"Caramel",

Seeds of pepper "Golden Anniversary" in the photo
Pepper "Golden Jubilee" in the photo

"Golden Jubilee"

Pepper seeds "Yaroslav" in the photo
Pepper "Yaroslav" in the photo

"Yaroslav",

Pepper seeds "Alyosha Popovich" in the photo
Pepper "Alyosha Popovich" in the photo

"Alyosha Popovich".

Early ripe hybrids of sweet pepper.

Seeds of pepper "Latino" F1 in the photo
Pepper "Latino" F1 in the photo

Latino F1 - from germination to technical ripeness of fruits 97-110 days. Plants up to 100 cm high. The fruits of this variety of pepper for open ground are cuboid, 3-4 chambers. In technical ripeness of dark green, in biological - bright red color.

Peresvet F1 pepper seeds in the photo
Pepper "Peresvet" F1 pictured

"Peresvet" F1 - from germination to technical ripeness 92-105 days, to biological - 120-135. The plant is medium-sized, 50-60 cm high, compact, standard.

Pepper seeds "Sonata" F1 in the photo
Pepper "Sonata" F1 pictured

"Sonata" F1 - from seedlings to technical ripeness of 95-100 days. The plant is up to 100 cm high. The fruit is cuboid, 3-4-celled, glossy, dark green in technical ripeness, bright red in biological ripeness, weighing 180-200 g.

Pepper seeds "Orange Miracle" F1 pictured
Pepper "Orange Miracle" F1 pictured

"Orange Miracle" F1. Hybrid for open and protected ground (100-110 days) Plants 90-110 cm high. Fruits are large, cuboid in shape, bright orange in color.

Pepper seeds "Jubilee Semko" F1 in the photo
Pepper "Jubilee Semko" F1 pictured

"Jubilee Semko" F1 - hybrid for open and protected ground (90-100 days). The plant is standard, medium-sized, 50-60 cm tall, compact, slightly spreading and low-leaf. Fruits are light green in technical ripeness and red in biological ripeness.

Montero pepper seeds F1 on a photo
Pepper "Montero" F1 pictured

Montero F1- From seedlings to technical ripeness of the fruit takes 90-108 days. The fruits are long, prismatic, green in technical ripeness, and bright red in biological ripeness.

Pepper seeds "Snowfall" F1 in the photo
Pepper "Snowfall" F1 pictured

"Snowfall" F1- fruits are cone-shaped, up to 15 cm long, creamy white at the technical stage, red at the biological stage.

Hybrids also yield high yields.

Pepper seeds "Grenada" in the photo
Grenada pepper in the photo

"Grenada",

Seeds of pepper "Seville" in the photo
Pepper "Sevilla" in the photo

Sevilla,

Seeds of Casablanca pepper in the photo
Casablanca pepper in the photo

Seeds of pepper "Single" in the photo
Pepper "Edino" in the photo

"One" with large cuboid fruits.

Seeds of a mixture of peppers of hybrids "Siesta" in the photo
Peppers of hybrids "Siesta" in the photo

Among the best varieties of pepper, a special mixture of Siesta hybrids is distinguished.

Original color sweet pepper hybrids:

Pepper seeds "Cardinal" F1 in the photo
Cardinal pepper F1 in the photo

"Cardinal" F1 with large purple-colored fruits of a cuboid shape.

Pepper seeds "Aries" F1 in the photo
Pepper "Aries" F1 pictured

Aries F1 - with large dark red fruits weighing up to 300 g, prism-shaped.

Pepper seeds "Fidelio" F1 in the photo
Pepper "Fidelio" F1 pictured

Fidelio F1 - with silver-white fruits.

Large-fruited hybrids of sweet pepper include:

Pepper seeds "Russian size" F1 in the photo
Pepper "Russian size" F1 in the photo

"Russian size" F1. Giants over 20 cm long grow without much additional effort.

Pepper seeds "Yellow bull-NK" F1 on the photo
Pepper "Yellow bull-NK" F1 in the photo

"Yellow Bull-NK" F1- fruits are elongated, large, up to 200 g, 9x20 cm in size, consist of 3-4 lobes, green, when ripe they are yellow.

Seeds of pepper "Red bull-NK" F1 in the photo
Pepper "Red Bull-NK" F1 pictured

Red Bull-NK F1 - fruits are large, weighing up to 200 g, elongated shape 8 x 20 cm, consist of 3-4 lobes, light green, when ripe - red.

Sweet pepper "Black bull-NK" F1 in the photo
Pepper "Black Bull-NK" F1 pictured

Black Bull-NK F1 - different defiant brilliant black color. Fruits weighing up to 400 g.

Seeds of pepper "Indalo" F1 in the photo
Pepper "Indalo" F1 in the photo

Indalo F1 - mid-early hybrid. From seedlings to the technical ripeness of the fruit 110-120 days. Plants 110-120 cm high. This is one of the best varieties of sweet pepper with large cuboid fruits, beautiful bright yellow color, weighing 280-300 g. Wall thickness up to 10 mm.

Flamenco pepper seeds F1 on a photo
Pepper "Flamenco" F1 pictured

Flamenco F1- early maturing, high-yielding. The variety has cuboid thick-walled fruits measuring 10 x 14 cm, consisting of 3-4 shares. The fruits are light green in color, when ripening acquires an intensely bright red color. The variety is suitable for various types of indoor and outdoor soil.

Such hybrids deserve attention: Minotaur F1, Sevilla F1, Athena F1, Flamenco F1.

Look at the best varieties of pepper in the photo below:

Pepper variety "Sevilla" F1
Pepper variety "Flamenco" F1

Use of sweet pepper

In terms of vitamin C content, sweet pepper ranks first among vegetable crops. Its fruits in technical ripeness contain 100-150 mg% of vitamin C per 100 g of fresh weight, and in biological ripeness - 250-480 mg%. Vitamin P (rutin) gives particular value to pepper; it is 70-380 mg% in fruits per 100 g of raw weight. Contains sweet pepper and vitamin A - 0.5-16 mg%. It contains from 2 to 6% sugar and starch, about 1.5% protein, fat, fiber, ash compounds.

Sweet pepper contains carotene, valuable for the body (red pepper is especially rich in it), vitamins B1, B2, E, PP, as well as minerals, among which there are sodium and potassium. It is also rich in glucose, fructose, useful organic acids and mineral salts.

The use of all varieties of sweet peppers in food is permissible at the onset of technical ripeness. These are already fully formed fruits of at least 6-8 cm, with thick fleshy walls, light green or green color and with a characteristic peppery aroma.

Red, yellow, orange, pinky yellow, black, lilac or green peppers are great in all varieties. Fresh fruits decorate dishes with bright colorful colors, taste and aroma. You can also use pepper leaves in the preparation of soups, green cabbage soup, borscht. They contain vitamin C.

Sweet peppers are eaten raw, fried, baked, stuffed, pickled, pickled and even dried. Ripe fruits can be chopped and dried. The dried fruits of this culture and the powder from them are a vitamin product used as a seasoning for main dishes and for making sauces.

Sweet peppers can also be kept fresh. To do this, the fruits are cut carefully along with the stalk. Each fruit is wrapped in paper, placed in a cardboard box in 1-2 layers, placed on a shelf in a dry cellar. The fruits collected in the stage of technical ripeness gradually ripen, and their vitamin C content increases.

Sweet peppers for open ground: in order to get a good harvest of large, fleshy, juicy fruits, you should correctly approach all methods of cultivating this crop and know their features.

Pepper gives the highest yields on light loamy chernozems and sandy loam.
It is demanding for crop rotation: it is desirable to grow it in one place for 1 year. Legumes and early vegetable plants should be chosen as precursors.
Soil for sweet pepper is prepared at the end of the garden season, loosening the soil to a depth of 30 cm, followed by the introduction of 3-4 kg / m² of rotted manure.
The landing site is prepared taking into account its placement in the wings of high-stemming crops. This makes it possible to reduce the negative impact of sharp temperature fluctuations on the growth of pepper, and also protects from wind.

Growing bell pepper by seedling method

How to grow bell peppers?

The most common cultivation of the culture is the seedling method. It is recommended to grow seedlings in humus - earthen pots to avoid damage to the fragile root system of the plant.

The mixture for them is prepared as follows: for 8 parts of humus, 2 parts of turf and 1 part of mullein are taken with the addition of 40 g of superphosphate, 10 g of urea and 5 g of potassium sulfate per bucket of the resulting mixture. The optimal size of each pot is 60x60 mm.

Seed preparation

By the time of laying in the mixture, the seed should be prepared.

First of all, the most filled seeds are selected: they are poured into a container with water, stirred, allowed to settle, floating seeds are removed, the water is drained through a fine-mesh sieve.
The remaining material is dried, disinfected in a weak manganese solution, germinated on a periodically moistened tissue until peeling.
Prepared seeds of 3 to 4 pieces are placed in moistened pots, after which they are sprinkled with a layer of earth 10 to 20 mm.

On the right in the photo are seeds of sweet pepper.

Seedling care

For faster seed germination, boxes with future seedlings are placed in a well-lit place with a temperature:

25 - 30 ° C (it can be a window sill in a house or a greenhouse) before emergence;
after their appearance 10 - 15 ° Cduring the week;
20 - 25 ° C before planting seedlings in the ground.

Seedlings are watered at least after 2 days, while at the same time preventing moisture stagnation in the soil. Daily watering is required already when four to five true leaves appear.

Seedlings need to be nourished. 50 g of superphosphate, 20 g of urea and 15 g of potassium sulfate are taken in a bucket of water. From organic fertilizers, fermented bird droppings or slurry are used. The application of organic and mineral fertilizers is alternated. The first feeding is carried out in the phase of the appearance of the first true leaf, re-fertilized in the phase of four to five leaves.

Planting seedlings in the ground, watering and top dressing

A very important agrotechnical technique for growing peppers is planting seedlings in the ground.

One to two weeks before planting seedlings they begin to harden it: lower the temperature, limit watering in order to improve illumination; in the absence of the threat of frost, the plants are taken out into the open air.
5 to 10 days before the planting of peppers in the ground they are sprayed with a 0.5% solution of copper sulfate to protect against fungal diseases.
Peppers, suitable for planting in the ground, have 5 - 6 true leaves, a strong stem, a developed root system.
Before planting, the seedlings are well watered.

It is planted in the southern regions in the last days of April. In areas with lower average temperature values \u200b\u200bfor this period, it is advisable to choose early June as the planting time.

In general, the entire cycle from the moment of preparing the seeds to planting the peppers in the ground takes 45 - 55 days while ensuring the correct temperature regime, compliance with the frequency, as well as the quality of watering and top dressing. Planting is carried out in an ordinary way with a feeding area of \u200b\u200b70x15 cm for one plant or 70x30 cm for two plants per hole.

Plants are placed in pre-watered holes together with an earthen lump 1 - 1.5 cm deeper than the root collar, then sprinkled with dry earth. The day after the peppers are planted in the ground, they need to be watered again. Throughout the entire cultivation time, right up to harvesting, irrigation is regularly repeated, preventing the soil from drying out.

Important! Lack of moisture in the soil leads to:

to the fall of flowers and ovaries;
stopping plant growth;
disturbances in fruit formation;
a significant decrease in yield.

After watering, the soil is loosened, and this must be done carefully, deepening no more than 5 cm, paying special attention to the space near the stem.

Important!Fertilizers are applied during the growing season, depending on the state of the plants, avoiding nitrogen fertilizers that cause the growth of vegetative shoots and retard the formation of fruits.

But the first feeding is required 10-15 days after planting: per 1 m², a mixture of 15 g of ammonium nitrate, 20 g of superphosphate and 5 g of potassium salt is introduced.

Such seedlings take root faster and better, giving a better and earlier crop.

You can learn more about how to properly plant sweet pepper seedlings in the open ground in the video below:

Growing pepper from seeds in the ground

How to grow sweet bell pepper in open ground?

When growing sweet pepper in open field in a seedlingless way, first of all requires carefully leveled and crushed soil for sweet pepper.

Bell pepper seeds for open ground are disinfected, but not germinated. The optimal time for planting seed is considered the second decade of April.

In an uncomfortable, late spring, when the dates of planting work are shifted, the seeds are pre-germinated before pecking.

How to plant Bulgarian pepper from seeds?

In carefully leveled and crushed soil, make 8 - 10 holes per 1 m². For each of them, to obtain seedlings more quickly, 4-5 seeds are sown in heaps with a placement depth of 3-4 cm and subsequent mulching.

After the emergence of seedlings in the holes, as a rule, 1 - 2 plants are left. With this method of growing, further care of the plants consists in watering, loosening, weeding with the same rules and frequency as with the method of growing pepper seedlings.

Diseases and pests

The control of diseases and pests also plays a large role in the cultivation of pepper. Proper diagnosis of the disease and timely adoption of measures will help preserve the crop and even prevent its death.

Causative agent verticillary wilt is a fungus that lives in soil. It penetrates into the wounds of the root system of the plant with careless planting or excessive loosening.
The disease of wilting manifests itself in a spotted lesion, wilting, leaf fall and deformation of internodes. At an early stage of the disease, the plant does not form ovaries, if the infection occurred during the fruiting phase, the fruits wrinkle and do not fill. Prevention measures- soil disinfection, careful planting of seedlings together with an earthen clod, gentle loosening of the soil.
Late blight also caused by fungus. Lesions of brown spots with a pale green halo will rot in wet weather. Prevention methods- timely planting of seedlings during the period of stable weather without the risk of a significant difference between day and night temperatures with the formation of strong condensation and its fallout on plants.
White rot (sclerotenosis). A fungal disease that develops in the root part of the pepper. Symptoms are white plaque on the surface of the stem, and inside it are solid black formations that impede the absorption of moisture and minerals from the soil.
White rot leads to the death of the plant. Preventive and therapeutic measures: timely cleaning of dead plants, moderate watering, dusting with ash or chalk with minor lesions, thermal disinfection of the soil.
Gray rot. Plants cultivated in greenhouses are mainly affected. Brown weeping spots with a gray bloom appear on the stem and leaves at high humidity and temperatures below 10 ° C. Prevention measures- compliance with the ratio of temperature and humidity, crop rotation requirements, weeding.
If gray rot has already manifested, remove all affected fruits. You can remove gray rot by spraying with garlic infusion: 30 g of crushed garlic for two days, insist on a bucket of water. Spraying with industrial preparations of the corresponding spectrum of action is also used.
Top rot. Also a disease of greenhouse plants, of bacterial or non-infectious origin. The first type of disease is characterized by the appearance of gray spots, the second type manifests itself in the form of watery green spots on the fruits. With the defeat, the resulting fruits do not ripen, but rot. For initial symptoms, spraying with calcium nitrate helps. Affected fruits are harvested and destroyed.
Blackleg. Damage to the root part of the stem in seedlings at low temperature and high humidity. The reasons are the lack of disinfection of seeds and non-observance of the rules for sowing them for seedlings. Ill plants are rejected, the soil is treated with copper sulfate. As a prophylaxis, seedlings can be sprayed with the Fitodoktor drug.

Pest control is usually effective with insecticides.

Aphid, accumulating on all organs of the plant, sucks nutrients and moisture from the tissues. A good result is given by spraying with a daily infusion of ash with the addition of soap at the rate of 10 liters of water 1 glass of ash and 30 g of soap. Instead of ash, you can use smoking tobacco - 100 g per 10 liters of water. Such solutions process the plantation of pepper several times in the morning.
Spider mite forms colonies on the lower part of the plant leaf. Tick \u200b\u200bdamage leads to disruption of vital and fertile functions. To kill the tick, spray the leaves from below with soapy water.
Slug cause great damage to fruits, getting inside them. The mechanical method of dealing with slugs is manual collection and destruction. The soil should be periodically pollinated with ash, slaked lime or mustard powder. As a means of deterring these pests, parsley can be sown next to pepper.
Colorado beetle. Larvae laid by adult insects eat leaves. With a massive pest damage, this can lead to the complete destruction of the crown and death of the plant. Beetles, larvae and eggs are collected manually. A pepper plantation can be treated with insecticides or celandine tincture.

You can find out more information about the possible diseases and pests of sweet pepper in the video below:

Harvesting and storage

Harvested when the ripeness of the fruit is reached: they are poured, acquire a color and size, conditional for a particular variety.

Ripeness can also be judged by the characteristic sound when you touch the fruit. The first collection is carried out already in mid-July - early Augustdepending on the climatic zone of cultivation.

It is important to consider that it is best to remove fruits in dry weatherso that moisture on the harvested peppers does not lead to decay during storage. The pepper is removed without cutting the stalk, which increases its shelf life without losing its taste.

Up to five training camps are held throughout the season. When forecasting frosts, all the fruits remaining on the bushes are collected to ripen them indoors.

Keep collected peppers recommended at a relative humidity of 80 - 90% and a temperature of 8 - 10 ° C. The absence of defects and damage to the fruits increases their shelf life. In refrigerators and cellars, ripened peppers can be stored for up to a month. It is possible to freeze the pepper as a preservation method.

Seed production

When harvesting, it is necessary to take care of the gene pool for the next season, because the germination of seeds from plants grown with their own hands, in compliance with all the rules of plants, reaches almost 100%. From the selected, most beautiful and large pepper, the core is extracted, the seeds are separated from it. Seeds are dried naturally and stored in bags of cotton for three to four years.

And a little more about selection.

Important! Although pepper is a self-pollinating plant, cross-pollination is not excluded. Therefore, when growing different, it is necessary to isolate the plants left for seeds.

Useful video

That's how he is, bell pepper - whimsical, capricious, time consuming. But if all the rules are followed, grown with care and love, it will certainly give beautiful, juicy and sweet fruits.

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