Modern methods of insulating the facade of a private house. How to insulate the facade of a house: materials and technologies Insulation of facades which material is better

At a time when everyone wants to cut all costs, the owners of private houses and apartments in multi-storey buildings are looking for effective ways to insulate and decorate the facade.

These two processes cannot exist without each other. The heat insulator requires protection from external influences, and the finish on its own does not always cope with the task of keeping heat.

You can insulate both new and old buildings. Moreover, if a person only plans to build his own house, then in the plan it is better to immediately note what the finish will be, and also calculate the thermal insulation layer. With an old building, it is a little more difficult, because over time, cracks and voids appear in the walls, so the thickness of the insulation will have to be increased.

You should not choose the cheapest option, it is important to choose absolutely all materials correctly. If they differ in technical properties, then difficulties and problems may arise during operation. What does it mean? Let's take a closer look:

1. The materials must be capable of passing steam. This is especially important if this indicator for the main material is high. If this factor is ignored, moisture will accumulate under the insulation, which will lead to the rapid destruction of the supporting structure. In addition, the indoor climate will also deteriorate.
2. The thickness of the insulation is selected according to the climatic conditions, as well as for the material and thickness of the main wall.
3. It is important to fix all the elements correctly.
4. The strength of the house is also taken into account. For buildings with a long service life, you should not choose a heavy cladding, the walls can simply collapse.

Ask a professional for help if you need to insulate and decorate the facade of the house. There are many nuances in this matter that are unknown to a person who does not have a specific education. Take the time and money to do everything correctly and efficiently.

What insulation to choose for the house

There are many options for insulation. The building materials market offers well-known types of mineral wool and completely modern technologies with the application of polyurethane foam. But when choosing a material, the following points should be taken into account:

1. The location of the house on the cardinal points. For the southern walls, you can choose a thinner insulation than for others. From this side, the sun heats the surface all day long, so the rooms are always warmer.
2. Climatic conditions of the region.
3. What the base is made of.
4. What will be the cladding.

A specific structure requires individual calculations and options. If you take into account such nuances, you can achieve the maximum result. This means that over time, the cost of heating will be less, but the comfort of staying in the rooms will not deteriorate.

Styrofoam

This insulation has long been on the building materials market and is very popular with developers. The foam has a large number of advantages, but it has not been without disadvantages. Let's start with the positive points, because it is they who make the heat insulator popular:

• affordable price. The cost is relatively low because it is available to buyers with different incomes;
• excellent thermal insulation performance. Reduces heat loss by 60–70%;
• moisture-repellent properties;
• resistant to the development of mold and mildew;
• can be mounted without choosing weather conditions;
• quick and easy installation;
• light weight.

The list is quite large, which is really impressive. But do not forget about the disadvantages. Consider them as well:

1. Poorly permeates moisture from the interior. This moment does not allow the use of foam for decorating houses made of wood or aerated concrete. Such finishing and insulation will be simply meaningless, since moisture will accumulate in the base, which will lead to the rapid development of mold, and therefore destruction.
2. If a poor quality material was purchased, there is a high probability of ignition of the thermal insulation layer. Therefore, the foam is considered dangerous for wooden buildings. The qualitative version is covered with fire retardants that resist fire, but at the same time the foam will begin to melt, releasing caustic substances.
3. Not resistant to UV and organic solvents. Therefore, immediately after installation, it is required to close it with casing and carefully choose the adhesive composition.
4. Rodents use insulation to create nests. Therefore, if the house is located where there are a lot of rodents, it is not advisable to use foam.

Consider both the positive and negative aspects. Depends on this and
the quality of insulation, and the safety of the occupants.

Extruded polystyrene foam

They are made on the basis of polystyrene, like polystyrene, but the production is significantly different. This explains the presence of technical characteristics that foam does not have.

• increased density. If insulation requires a sheet of foam plastic 10 cm thick, then foam polystyrene 5 cm thick will easily replace it;
• improved strength - withstands high mechanical loads;
• longer service life;
• resistance to sunlight and chemically active substances.

In addition, extruded polystyrene or polystyrene foam (the second name for insulation) does not absorb moisture from the environment and has sound insulation properties. There are also some downsides:

1. The cost is higher than that of foam.
2. Does not allow steam to pass through, which means that it cannot be used as insulation for a house made of timber or porous blocks.
3. When melted, it releases harmful substances.

Ecowool

This is a completely new thermal insulation material. It consists of cellulose fibers and additional components that improve the properties of the insulation. The main positive points of use are as follows:

• insulates against noise and heat loss;
• fits in a continuous layer, without seams;
• safe for the environment and humans;
• has a steam permeability.

Of the disadvantages of ecowool, a complex laying process is distinguished. In order for the layer to be as uniform as possible, a special cavity filling machine should be used. In addition, it is difficult and expensive to operate the device. Insulation is highly flammable, therefore it is strictly forbidden to use it around chimneys and boilers.

For safety, borax and boric acid are added as a fire retardant. This also contributes to the fact that rodents and insects do not start in the ecowool.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool has been used for a very long time, but even today it has not lost its position in the construction market. All thanks to the exceptional technical properties:

1. Versatility - suitable for all substrates.
2. Reduces heat loss as well as the penetration of environmental noise.
3. It quickly and in large quantities allows moisture to pass from the interior.
4. Fire safety - the material does not burn.
5. Environmental Safety.
6. Rodents do not start.

But there are also some negative points. We also pay attention to them:

1. Breakage of fibers - a necessity to work in protective clothing.
2. Quickly absorbs moisture from the environment - the use of hydro-barriers eliminates this disadvantage.
3. Low strength indicators.
4. It may settle over time. But fixing correctly will extend the service life.
5. High price.

Choice of finishing materials

Exterior decoration of a house with insulation necessarily requires the use of facing materials. All thermal insulation materials require protection from negative factors. If this is not done, then the insulation will not be able to fulfill its functions. Therefore, you should also choose the material for decorating the walls outside.

Clinker

Such cladding has been known for over 200 years. But today they create material using modern technologies, which makes it possible to make high quality products. It can be facing bricks, clinker tiles or sandwich panels with an outer decorative layer.

Clinker has the following properties:

1. Natural color from red-orange to dark brown and even black.
2. High strength, even on the thinnest tiles.
3. Resistance to abrasion, therefore, they are used for blind areas and for tracks.
4. Withstands the influence of solar radiation.
5. Does not absorb moisture.
6. Passing steam.
7. Serves over 100 years.

Decorative plaster

And this option of facade decoration has been known for a long time. Today there are ready-made compositions that greatly simplify the process of decorating the facade. In addition, special components are added to the mixture that improve the properties of the applied layer and extend its service life.

Manufacturers also offer decorative plasters such as bark beetle. With their help, you can make an original pattern on the outer wall. It will not only decorate the facade, but also make the house stand out from the general picture of buildings. Such a facade is easy to renovate. It is enough to paint the walls and the house will be transformed again.

For any base and insulation, there is the desired version of the plaster composition. Therefore, without fear, they cover with plaster houses and cottages made of wood, foam block or brick. It is worth saying that this option for exterior decoration also has thermal insulation properties.

Decorative rock

For those who want to make the appearance of the house as natural as possible, but there is not enough money for natural stone, an artificial stone was invented. Outwardly, it practically does not differ from natural. At the same time, manufacturers are trying to create maximum variety.

The technical characteristics of the decorative analog are as close as possible to the natural material. The advantage is the ease of installation. Artificial stone is made in the form of slabs that can be glued to a flat base or fixed on.

The only drawback of some options is the hygroscopicity of the surface. But special water repellents will protect the finish. It is imperative that the protective layer is regularly renewed, which prolongs the service life.

Work technology

Before choosing a material for insulation and decoration, you should first decide on the technology that will be used to process the facade. The set of materials that will be needed will depend on this. There are two main technologies:

• dry.

Let's figure out how they differ and, of course, features.

Wet facade

This technology has acquired the name, since liquid mixtures are used in the process of arrangement. After drying, no trace of moisture remains, therefore there is nothing to worry about. The main components of this technology are:

• glue;
• dense insulation;
• waterproofing layer;
• reinforcing mesh;
• waterproofing;
• soil solution;
• decorative material.

Most often, facade plaster is used as a decor. But you can also use decorative tiles, which are lightweight. Each element of the "wet" facade is an important component, without which it is impossible to create a reliable structure.

Therefore, they decorate the facade, adhering to just such a plan. After applying one layer, it is allowed to dry well. Even a small amount of moisture in the previous coat will degrade the attractiveness of the finish.

Dry method

This technology involves the use of mechanical fasteners to fix the layers. For this, a frame is built, which is both the basis for attaching decorative materials, such as siding, corrugated board or other panels, and support for insulation.

The dry facade consists of:

• waterproofing;
• any insulation;
• windproof membrane;
• a frame made of wood or metal (the crate can be installed before fixing the insulation or after);
• ventilation gap - the space where the air flow removes moisture released from the interior;
• decorative cladding.

If the task is not to insulate the house, but only to update the appearance, then you can do without thermal insulation material. But still, insulation will allow you to keep warm in the rooms for much longer.

The cost

To calculate how much it will cost to finish and insulate the facade of a house, you can use an online calculator that can be found on the websites of construction companies or material manufacturers. The price of the issue depends on many factors:

1. Foundation conditions.
2. Scope of work.
3. Work execution technologies.
4. The type, and hence the cost of the insulation.
5. Facing material.
6. The work will be done by hand or by a professional team.

Therefore, calculations are made for each house individually. It is not worth buying all the components by eye, because it is not always possible to choose the finish of the same color.

It is possible to provide your home with warmth in the winter season and keep cool in the summer, while significantly saving energy resources, by insulating the facade from the outside. The materials used for insulation should be such that they would not bear additional load on the foundation. How to insulate a house from the outside and with what? What kind of insulation to use for walls made of this or that material? We offer examples of various technologies and recommendations on how to insulate private houses from the outside for review.

How to insulate a house from the outside and with what? Types of thermal insulation materials and their properties

Answering the question, the better to insulate the walls of the house from the outside, you should familiarize yourself with the types and characteristics of materials for insulation. The main criteria when choosing thermal insulation materials are thermal conductivity, moisture resistance and vapor permeability. We will find out how you can insulate houses from the outside, using current types of thermal insulation.

Styrofoam

Expanded polystyrene (polystyrene) - a material consisting of air bubbles placed inside expanded polystyrene. It is produced in the form of slabs of different density. It has good insulating and moisture resistant qualities, but it is vulnerable to the action of sunlight, is highly flammable, and emits harmful substances during combustion. In direct contact with liquid, it gains moisture.

The process technology is thoroughly demonstrated by the video "How to insulate houses with foam outside":

Mineral wool

Mineral wool (mineral wool) is a fibrous material. It is produced in the form of slabs and rolls. The density of the material ranges from 20 to 200 kg / m3. The main advantages of mineral wool are its excellent sound insulation, vapor permeability and fire resistance. Among the disadvantages, it should be noted the possibility of moisture absorption and, as a result, the loss of insulating qualities, as well as the likelihood that small rodents can start in it. On the Internet you can find examples of videos "How to insulate houses outside with mineral wool."

Extruded polystyrene foam

Penoplex (extruded polystyrene foam) is a sample of the modern generation of thermal insulation materials. Penoplex boards have high compressive strength, low vapor permeability, combustion resistance and minimal thermal conductivity. Due to its low water absorption, this material can be used in any weather conditions. Penoplex boards are easy to cut with a knife and quickly assembled. To learn more about the technology of insulation with penoplex, you can watch thematic videos on the Internet "How to insulate a house outside with penoplex with your own hands"

Polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam is a liquid insulation, the technology of which ensures the absence of cracks and joints. When insulating with polyurethane foam, cold bridges are not formed, which contribute to the formation of condensation and wetting of the wall. It is not hygroscopic, can be used as waterproofing, and is environmentally friendly. Differs in frost resistance and heat resistance.

Basalt slabs

Insulation in the form of large rectangular slabs based on basalt fiber. Among the advantages: excellent soundproofing, high thermal insulation, incombustibility, resistance to high temperatures and its drops, water resistance. Insulation from basalt slabs is not subject to decay, mice and other rodents do not start in it, and thanks to the rather large dimensions of the slabs, it easily and quickly covers a significant area of \u200b\u200bthe wall. Sufficient insulation density allows you to arrange a layer of decorative coating on the front of the wall. The operational periods reach one hundred years.

Careful acquaintance with the properties of insulation will allow you to determine the best way to insulate a house from the outside. To understand the issues of thermal insulation will help the video "How and how to insulate brick houses outside":

Reasons and methods of exterior wall insulation

Many, in order to maintain a comfortable temperature in winter and at the same time save money, try to insulate their houses outside with their own hands. There can be many reasons for this: from cracks, drafts and ending with the weak functioning of the heating system. But still, the main source of temperature decrease in the house is walls made of materials that do not have thermal insulation properties.

Having decided to insulate the walls, it is important to know that it is their outer sides that must be processed. Insulation of the walls from the inside will lead to the fact that the insulation will stop the access of heat to the very surface of the wall. The dew point will move towards the room, which will lead to the formation of condensation and moisture. This will lead to the appearance of a fungus, which is so detrimental to the human body.

There are several ways to insulate walls outside in a private house:

• it is possible to glue the insulating material to the facade wall using special glue, followed by finishing the walls with plaster ("wet facade");
• arrange walls from three non-ventilated layers. The insulation is fixed with a solution. Then a small airspace is left and an outer wall one brick thick is erected;
• mount a ventilated facade. For this, a heater is applied to the waterproofing layer. It is covered with windbreak and sewn up with vinyl siding or other decorative and protective material.

Example of arrangement of a "wet facade"

When deciding how to insulate brick houses from the outside, it must be borne in mind that each version of the thermal insulation device has its own technology and, depending on this, can be produced at different times of the year.

Preparation of the surface of external walls for processing with insulation

As soon as you decide how to insulate the walls of the house from the outside, you need to start preparing the surface of the walls for processing with a heat-insulating compound. First of all, a layer of old plaster or other finishing material of the outer walls is removed. If there are irregularities and depressions on the surface, they must be leveled with a solution, and all the bulges must be cut flush with the wall.

The further finishing of the wall or the cladding device depends on how even the layer of insulation will be. For this, plumb lines and beacons are used. Anchors are attached to the upper edge of the wall surface, threads with plumb lines are suspended on them and lowered down. With the help of horizontal threads, a surface control grid is arranged for a reference point when constructing a frame or directly for thermal insulation.

The quality of the preparation of the surface of the walls for thermal insulation will determine how the wall of a brick house is insulated from the outside.

How to insulate a house outside with foam and foam with your own hands

Thermal insulation boards of polystyrene and polystyrene foam are used mainly for insulating brick, block and concrete walls of houses. When the surface of the outer wall is prepared, they begin to insulate the house from the blocks from the outside. If foam is used as an insulating material, it is very important to thoroughly dry the walls, otherwise the material may become saturated with moisture and lose the properties of a heat insulator. This nuance must be especially taken into account before insulating a house from blocks from the outside.

How to insulate a house made of foam blocks from the outside with foam plastic for subsequent finishing with decorative plaster? Styrofoam or polystyrene sheets are attached to the wall with a special adhesive. In order to glue the first row of boards evenly, it is recommended to fix the finishing strip along the lower edge of the wall. After applying the glue, the sheets are pressed against the wall with little force. You can additionally fix the sheets using dowels-mushrooms in the center and at the corners of the sheet. Using a level and plumb lines, the plane of the applied foam layer is controlled.

As soon as the first layer grasps well, proceed to the installation of the next one. It is recommended to shift the sheets of the second foam layer relative to the rows of the first layer. This will allow the dowels to hold the middle of the previous foam layer.

In places where windows and wall corners are located, a frame is installed from the corner, to which the insulation is attached. Docking seams are sealed with reinforcing tape. As soon as the insulation is applied to all walls, the surface is reinforced with plaster mesh. Further, the surface is treated with a primer and plastered. Care must be taken to ensure that no cracks or gaps remain through which the insulation is visible.

Sometimes they use the method of wall insulation with foam plastic by means of wooden slats. Such installation of insulation allows you to use the lathing for wall cladding with finishing material (clapboard, siding).

How to insulate a house from a foam block outside with slats? First, a frame is made. The width of the slats for the frame must be greater than the thickness of the insulating material - then a cavity for ventilation is formed between the foam and the cladding material. The distance between the frame slats should be slightly less than the width of the inserted sheet of insulation, so that it fits tightly between them on the spacer.

Check out the professional advice on how to insulate a brick house from the outside. On the Internet you can see the video "How to insulate a house outside with foam with your own hands."

How to insulate houses outside with mineral wool

Many people use mineral wool for thermal insulation. This type of insulation is suitable for a house whose walls are built of blocks, bricks or wood. To fasten the insulation to be of high quality and reliable, use a frame made of slats. Here, a spacer technique is also used, that is, the distance between the battens of the battens should be slightly less than the width of the mineral wool slab. This can achieve a tight entry of the insulation between the frame posts.

If you insulate a log house from the outside, the walls of which have an uneven surface, use slabs of two-layer mineral wool with different layer densities. Loose layers of insulation provide high-quality adhesion to uneven log surfaces. For arranging wind and water protection when insulating walls with mineral wool, you can use plastic wrap. Decorative brickwork, siding and other materials are used as facing material.

How to insulate wooden houses outside with your own hands

How to properly insulate wooden houses from the outside so that the facade remains outwardly aesthetic? Experts recommend doing this using mineral wool, paying attention to the fact that the vapor permeability of the walls must be ensured. As a vapor barrier, polyethylene film or aluminum foil is used.

Arrange a vapor barrier using slats. They are attached to the facade vertically and a vapor barrier material is mounted to them with the help of brackets. After carrying out these stages, the facade is sheathed with decorative material.

How is a log house insulated from the outside using mineral wool? Before insulating a house from a bar outside, familiarize yourself with the main stages of the technological process:

• arrange a vapor barrier using various films. To do this, slats are nailed vertically to the facade of a house from a bar and a vapor barrier material is attached to them using brackets. As a vapor barrier, a polyethylene film or aluminum foil is used. To ensure high-quality ventilation, ventilation holes with a diameter of 200 mm are arranged between the main slats;

• then a frame for insulation is arranged. Wooden boards with a thickness of 50 mm and a width of about 100 mm are attached to the wall vertically on the edge and insulation layers are inserted between them. It is recommended to insert the insulation plates closely, leaving no gaps, so that the entire surface is tightly covered with them;
• when laying the second layer, place the slabs so that the butt joints of the second layer are in the middle of the first slabs. The thickness of each layer is 5 cm. Due to their properties, mineral wool slabs are firmly held between the boards, do not slip and do not require additional fixation;

• the next step is to arrange a waterproofing layer. The waterproofing film is attached to the crate with staples or nailed. It is recommended to overlap the film with a lap and process the joining seams with a self-adhesive film to prevent water ingress;
• for covering the insulated facade on top of the waterproofing film, slats with dimensions of 30x50 mm are filled. Then air exchange between the vapor barrier and the wall cladding will be ensured, contributing to the natural drying of moisture. The bottom end of all layers is covered with a net to prevent rodents from entering. The facade of the house is faced with decorative material based on personal preference.

For a more complete understanding of the technology for performing thermal insulation work and studying the opinion of experts on how best to insulate a wooden house from the outside, take an interest in the information that is on the network. Reviews of masters and home owners from the video "How to insulate wooden houses outside" will be especially useful in this matter.

Considering the fact that walls occupy a significant part of the area, their insulation can give the maximum effect of keeping warm in the house.

For each facade, insulation is a mandatory procedure that allows you to keep warm in the house and provide it with an aesthetic appearance. And in order to solve this problem, there is no need to resort to the services of specialists - everything can be done independently. The main thing is not to be mistaken with the materials, to know what operations need to be performed and in what sequence.

To date, different options are known for the methods of work on the insulation of the facades of houses. And the most popular options will be discussed below.

Materials for thermal insulation

When conducting external and internal insulation, the choice is most often made on materials such as mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam and liquid heaters.

Minvata

The main advantages of mineral wool are low price, availabilityas well as no problems in use. Also, mention should be made of the excellent properties of heat and sound insulation. A serious threat to this insulation is moisture, contact with which deprives the material of its properties. For this reason, mineral wool should be used in combination with high-quality waterproofing.

Expanded polystyrene

Quite often, polystyrene foam is used during facade insulation. He managed to win high popularity due to its simplicity in processing, resistance to decay, lightness. This insulator can be used for bonding with other building materials.

Polyurethane foam

According to its technology, this material is a spray insulator, when used, a thin dense layer appears on the surface that does not contain a single seam. Among the advantages inherent in this insulation, it is necessary to highlight the ability to retain heat, resistance to combustion, moisture resistance. At the same time, it is not without its drawbacks, which include the high price and difficulties with laying, which can only be done with special equipment.

Liquid insulation

Liquid insulation ("warm paint") can provide high quality when insulating the facade. Its peculiarity lies in the presence of radiation, in the form of which heat is distributed. In terms of efficiency, it is superior to other materials. When working with paint there is no difficulty, the process of applying it takes a minimum of time and does not require much effort.

Isolation methods

When performing the facade, you can select one of the existing methods:

• internal;
• external;
• by creating structures in the thickness of the wall.

And most often resort to external insulation. The reason for this is that this method is very effective. The fact is that it does not allow external factors to harm the structures of the building. Therefore, they are not afraid of the cold, and the formation of condensation in the inner layers is also excluded. In addition, this material has excellent sound insulation properties and a long service life.

All currently known facade insulation systems can be classified into three types:

• light plaster;
• heavy;
• based on well masonry with a three-layer system.

Lightweight plastering systems

An insulation plate acts as a basis, for fixing which dowels, glue are used on the wall, and then covered with a layer of plaster. The entire structure must be no more than 16 mm thick. To obtain a high-quality result, the plaster should be distributed evenly.

Heavy systems

Anchors are used as fasteners, on which the reinforcing mesh is fixed. As a result, the total thickness can be up to 52 mm. The use of a steel mesh, which acts as a carrier, does not allow thermal effects on the layers.

Well masonry

The peculiarity of such a system is that the thickness of the enclosing structures acts as the location of the insulator. The essence of the method consists in laying insulation on the load-bearing wall, the calculation of the thickness of which takes into account the need to provide protection from the cold.

Polyfoam has become widespread when warming facades not only due to affordability, but also because of the efficiency and ease of use, in which no one can compare with it. The use of this material allows you to protect the building from the negative effects of atmospheric humidity, temperature fluctuations. Walls insulated with this method are characterized by temperature inertia, in other words, heat does not leave the house even when the heating devices are inactive.

Complex wall preparation

Warming the facade of the house should start with surface preparation. If new insulation is installed, the old plaster will have to be removed from the facade. You also need to get rid of any dirt and various defects. Then the surface is covered with a layer of primer or plaster.

Fixing profile installation

• vertical;
• horizontal;
• combined.

Although the costs for the first method are minimal, half-timbered houses have to experience a lot of stress due to twisting and bending. Therefore, only a relatively light material can be used for decoration.

With the vertical method, the weight of the facing material is less important, however, when laying it, it is necessary to use brackets of increased strength.

The third method is most preferable due to the lack of difficulties in its implementation. For this, installation of horizontal guides to the main wall is carried out, and vertical supporting ones are already mounted on them.

Foam coating with adhesive

If the wall surface does not have irregularities, glue should be applied to the foam evenly using a notched trowel. In the presence of defects it is necessary to use pendulums. During operation, the wall is covered with adhesive, taking it in small quantities and placing it close enough to each other.

Installation of insulation sheets

When installing insulator boards, it is important to ensure their horizontal position. The reference point is selected from the bottom, step by step moving up. Particular attention should be paid to ensure that the material lies flat, and to clean the boards from the remnants of the adhesive mixture. It is important to ensure that the foam fits snugly to avoid large gaps.

Dowel

The process of fixing with dowels consists of two stages:

Installation of reinforcing elements

The mechanical properties and environmental factors can have a negative effect on the properties of the foam. It is the protection against them that will provide the reinforcing layer. First, the alignment of the corners is carried out, after which glue is applied to the insulator with a layer of 0.2 cm. The operation is completed by immersing in the adhesive reinforcing mesh, which can be made of aluminum or fiberglass, and leveling the surface.

Decorative plastering

In order to comply with the technology of insulating facades with foam, at the last stage it is covered with decorative plaster. For the high-quality performance of this operation, it is necessary to maintain the optimum thickness of the finishing layer.

The first step is to prepare the walls. If the facade of the house is made of wood, then on it apply an antiseptic. For brick and concrete surfaces it is imperative to remove old paint and plaster. Mineral wool can only be laid on dry walls.

When the surface of the wall is ready, a vapor barrier membrane is laid on it. The operation is performed with an overlap in such a way that the vapor-permeable part faces the wall of the house. To seal the seams use tape.

At the next stage, they begin to install the frame, the inner space of which will be filled with insulation. Most often, wooden racks or a metal profile are used for the frame. To install the lathing to the wall, use self-tapping screws or dowel-nails. Planks should be placed in increments that should be several centimeters smaller than the width of the insulator used.

Further space of the frame filled with heat insulator. When using roll materials, they must be placed on top. If you have to work with plates, then installation is carried out from below. To fix the insulation, you can use dowels or simply fix it all the way between the strips.

When the insulation takes its place, a waterproofing layer is laid on it. For this, a vapor-permeable film is used. Then moisture will not accumulate inside. Installation of waterproofing to the rails is performed using a stapler. This should be done carefully, avoiding excessive tension.

Having finished laying the waterproofing, it is necessary to strengthen the created structure, using dowels with wide hats for this purpose. The damaged areas should be sealed with tape.

At the last stage of work, it is necessary to create a ventilated facade. You need to take the crate and fix the slats to it, after which they begin to install the finishing material on them.

Thermal insulation with polyurethane foam

The use of polyurethane foam also allows for high-quality insulation of the facade of the house. Moreover, this structure begins to give off less heat and at the same time will protected from moisture. This material is versatile in terms of its application. With its help, you can carefully seal up any crevices, as a result of which a solid monolithic layer is created that perfectly retains heat and protects from external noise.

Thermal panels

If it is necessary to carry out insulation of the facade of a country house, then it is most reasonable to use thermal panels that simplify this process and reduce implementation costs. The place of their installation may be a special crate or a wall of a building. Due to its low weight, it is not necessary to exert much effort to fasten such panels. In addition, the joints between them are difficult to immediately notice. Such a solution provides reliable protection of the building from moisture, wind and cold.

Wet insulation method

It is also possible to insulate the facade of a private house using the wet method, the essence of which boils down to the use of special plaster. The latter not only reduces heat loss, but also gives the building more aesthetic appearance.

However, this method has a drawback: such insulation can be carried out only at a certain temperature. Frost or heat is the wrong time for such work.

To summarize

If the facade was insulated in compliance with the technology, this leads to a noticeable reduction in heating costs (45-55%), makes the building more attractive, provides a longer period of operation, and helps to maintain a cozy and comfortable atmosphere in the house. This procedure does not lose its relevance for apartment buildings, where one can observe an improvement in the sound insulation properties.

Foreword. The higher tariffs for electricity and gas become in Russia, the more often home owners think about insulating their homes in order to reduce heating costs. Today we’ll talk about the insulation of the facade of the house - how to insulate the facade of the house, insulation technology with various materials, and also show the video, without making mistakes in the work.

It’s not a secret for anyone that if a country house reduces heat loss, then the amount of necessary energy for heating a house can be reduced significantly! Methods to reduce heat loss in the house are improved every year. Material manufacturers provide all new materials for the insulation of house facades.

Facade insulation scheme for decorative plaster

Do I need to insulate the facade of the house outside?

Any homeowner wants to spend as little money on insulation as possible and do the work on their own, but at the same time, so that the facade insulation is done correctly and efficiently. As can be seen from the figure below, many wall materials are not so warm and must be properly insulated. We will try to answer the question: how to insulate the facade of the house yourselfand what are the best materials to use for facade insulation within the framework of this article.

Insulation of the facades of houses outside with various heaters is a fairly common way of decoration. With the help of this, several tasks can be solved at once - to protect the walls from the negative effects of the weather, to retain heat and to decorate the facade. First, we will choose the material with which you can effectively insulate the house.

It is possible to insulate the facade of the house by a rational approach to the choice of heat-insulating materials. When choosing insulation for the facade outside, pay attention to resistance to mechanical damage and resistance to rodents - these animals can turn insulation into a sieve.

What is the best way to insulate the facade of the house yourself?

There is no point in using materials of the same thickness to insulate all sides of the house. For example, it is possible to buy an insulator of medium thickness for the south wall, since the greatest amount of solar heat gets on it. If some points remain unclear, then in the video at the end you will find additional information on this difficult topic.

Styrofoam plates

Polyfoam is an inexpensive and most common material for insulating walls of a facade. It has been known since the 30s of the last century, and since then has not lost its positions in construction. Due to the fact that the foam is 98% air, it is very lightweight and does not allow cold to pass through. Another plus is the low price of material available to everyone.

The expanded polystyrene facade reduces heat loss by 67-70%. Modern polystyrene foam is not combustible, but rodents like to settle in the material, and if you have problems with small animals on the site, it is better to refuse to insulate the facade walls with polystyrene foam yourself and it is better to pay attention to polystyrene and mineral wool.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool is a slab of basalt fiber made from inorganic material, which is made from molten rocks, slags and mixtures of sedimentary rocks. Basement insulation, insulation of the facade of the house with mineral wool, as well as attic insulation can be made from materials made on a basalt basis.

Minvata should be attached to the facade using the "suspended ventilated facade" system. In terms of performance, basalt slabs are fireproof and can withstand temperatures over 1000 ° C. The material is distinguished by excellent thermal insulation, high chemical resistance, but it is afraid of moisture, therefore, we will consider the next insulation for the facade of the house - penoplex.

Penoplex plates

Penoplex is ideal for external wall insulation, since this insulation is not afraid of moisture, it practically does not absorb it. If you use penoplex, then rodents will never start in the wall, the material is also dense and durable, more resistant to mechanical damage than foam plates.

When insulating with penoplex, the plates are attached to the wall with glue, and additionally fastened with mushrooms, 5 pieces per sheet - 4 in the corners and one in the middle. Usually, the insulation is then sheathed with siding, this method of insulating the facade will be discussed. When siding, you can use any of the insulation, the choice is yours.

How to insulate the facade of the house yourself

Preparing the walls of the house for work

Clean up the surface of the wall. You have already figured out how to insulate the facade of the house from the outside, now let's move on to preparing the surface. Initially, all protrusions should be removed from the wall that can interfere in the future - storm gutters, street lamps, ventilation grilles, etc. It is also necessary to remove communications from the walls. The next step is to check the integrity of the plastered walls.

If the walls are not plastered yet, then it is worth doing this to repair microcracks and cracks on the wall. With the help of a plumb line and a level, you should find irregularities on the wall and worry about eliminating defects, and only then start work. If you find a fungus or chipped, then remove them. Nothing should remain on the surface of the facade that can harm the thermal insulation in the future.

If you find large cracks, then you can use polyurethane foam for sealing. Once you have eliminated the flaws, you can proceed to consolidate the start profile.

Securing the start profile

To begin with, you need to mark all the outer corners of the house with a hydro level and connect them into one line. Now, according to this starting line, we mount the starting profile along the perimeter of the building, on which the first row of insulation will subsequently lie. The width of the starting strip should be wider or equal to the thickness of the insulation. The bar is fastened with dowels.

It is better to start installing external window sills before the insulation is applied. The tides should be fastened to the window end-to-end, and the outflow of the window sills from the outside is done taking into account the thickness of the insulation used, so that the window sill protrudes 3-4 cm from the wall.

The next stage is to insulate the slopes of the windows outside with your own hands. To insulate the slopes, you can use foam or foam. After insulating the facade, it is necessary that the insulation sticks out from the sealed gaps by 1 cm.

We insulate the facade with our own hands

If the insulation is made with polystyrene or foam, then it should be fixed to the walls with glue. The adhesive should be on the wall in a uniform layer and cover 60-70% of the board. Installation should begin from the bottom. For gluing you will need a small and large spatula. The glue is much easier to apply to the wall than to the insulation.

Insulation plates should be staggered to form T-joints. The verticality of the installation is checked by the level, and the protruding adhesive from the foam slots must be removed with a trowel or wiped with a grater. Plates on the facade, it is better to mount in stages, first on one wall and completely cover it with cladding.

If the insulation is done with mineral wool, then it is necessary to make vertical guides. The distance between the guides must be made 1 cm less than the thickness of the insulation so that the insulation plates sit tightly between them.

Video. How to insulate the facade of a house with your own hands

How to insulate the facade of a house with foam

How to insulate the facade of a house with mineral wool

If, during the construction of the house, poor-quality materials were used or some mistakes were made, then in the future it will definitely be necessary to carry out work on the insulation of the facade. By insulating the outer walls of the house, you can seriously save on heating in winter, and on cooling the interior with air conditioning in summer, while significantly improving the appearance of the building. Methods of thermal insulation of facades is the topic of our today's article.

Insulation methods

There are three types of wall insulation:

• external;
• internal;
• insulation inside the wall.

The advantages of external insulation over internal

According to technology, the most appropriate option is to insulate the walls of the house outside. Internal insulation is applied only when it is impossible for some reason to perform external. Insulation located outside in frost will take on a negative temperature, preventing it from reaching the walls of the house. Therefore, the temperature of the walls and the temperature inside the house will be similar.

With internal thermal insulation, the walls, as a rule, begin to freeze. In places of contact of the internal insulation with the walls, condensation begins to form. Consequently, moisture will begin to accumulate in these places, leading to the appearance of dampness, and then mold and mildew. The moisture accumulating on the inside of the walls will begin to absorb into them, since the insulation is usually protected by a steam or hydro barrier. This liquid freezes during severe frosts and, expanding during freezing, contributes to the gradual destruction of the wall.

External methods of facade insulation have undeniable advantages:

• protection of walls from harmful external influences (biological, atmospheric and temperature);
• protection against hypothermia and condensation;
• additional sound insulation;
• free "breathing" of the walls;
• longer service life of facades without repair.

External thermal insulation methods

Conventionally, the following main types of facade insulation can be distinguished.

Plaster or wet facade

The building is insulated using lightweight plastering systems. This is the most common way to insulate facade walls. The main advantage of this method is the use of safe, environmentally friendly materials. In this case, everything will cost quite inexpensively.

This facade system includes multilayer structures consisting of polymer-cement glue, decorative finishing coatings, thermal insulation and polymer-cement layer finished with reinforced fiberglass mesh.

A significant disadvantage of such wet systems is the impossibility of performing facade work if the ambient temperature drops below +5 degrees Celsius, as well as during rain.

The methods require highly skilled workers, since the plaster in this case must be applied with a uniform, strong layer. To do this, you need certain skill and skills.

Heavy plastering systems

When performing the following type of insulation, moving parts of the fastening of the layer of thermal insulation and plaster are used. With this method, it is necessary to carry out separate work with the wall and with the thermal insulation of the facades, while there are no strict requirements for the density of materials. But, as with the installation of light plaster systems, there are increased requirements for insulation. When using this method, there is no need to level the facade surface, so qualified workers are no longer required here.

Ventilated curtain wall

This is an external insulation device with ventilation gaps located between the cladding and the insulation layer. The insulation material is attached to the wall with the help of an anchor fixing system and a supporting frame. In cold weather, vapors leaving the heated rooms move to the insulation layer, outward. This increases the moisture content of the insulation coating. With existing ventilated gaps, the influx of airflow from the outside reduces humidity to a minimum.

In addition to the important air exchange function, the ventilated curtain facade helps the building become aesthetically attractive, and also protects the walls from the harmful effects of various natural factors.

Warming with siding

This is a well-known material collected from type-setting panels of various colors and textures. Siding panels are also made from a variety of materials: vinyl, cement, wood, metal. A layer of insulation is placed between the bars of the wooden crate, attaching to the wall of the building with the help of special dowels (with or without glue). Then you need to attach the vapor barrier layer. Siding panels are screwed using galvanized self-tapping screws (press washers) to the wooden frame.

External insulation targets

External insulation of facades solves the following important tasks:

• preservation and accumulation of heat inside the premises;
• a significant reduction in the cost of heating the building;
• significant improvement in the level of sound insulation;
• removal of almost all obstacles that prevent the removal of condensate that forms on the facade walls (serves as an excellent prevention of fungus, mold, and also salt plaque);
• maintaining the operational characteristics of the building, which can significantly increase its durability.

How and when is insulation done

They begin to plan the insulation of the facade only after completing all the previous construction and repair work:

• the installation of the roof must be completed;
• the external waterproofing of the foundation must be completed;
• building shrinkage has already occurred;
• all building systems - windows, ventilation and others - are assembled;
• the building must be dry.

Facade work does not tolerate frost or extreme heat, so you should wait for a positive temperature (late spring or early autumn). Facade insulation work is usually carried out at temperatures from +5 to +25 degrees Celsius.

It is also advisable (but not necessary) to finish the initial finishing of the walls inside the premises, all concrete work, screed and floor pouring, mount alarms, electrical wiring, etc.

Where to start

Work on the insulation of facades begins with a thorough examination of the entire surface of the building by qualified specialists and carrying out mandatory tests of the wall surface for adhesion of the adhesive used. As a result of these preparatory measures, data on the bearing capacity of the walls, as well as the permissible load on the fasteners, are determined.

All work must be performed with high quality, so that so-called "cold bridges" do not form in different places, the insulation does not peel off and does not collapse. Therefore, it is important not only to insulate the facade, but to choose a modern, the most optimal for this building in terms of steam and moisture resistance, as well as fire resistance, insulation method. In addition, the insulation for the facade should be environmentally friendly and protect against penetration of walls and the material of fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms.

How to choose, buy and use materials

The main thing that needs to be taken into account when purchasing facade insulation is that they must necessarily be components of one system. Only a specialist can pick up such materials. That is why facade materials are usually sold as a single system, since they have similar physical characteristics: vapor permeability, frost resistance, thermal expansion, water absorption. This takes into account all chemical processes that can occur in a given system.

According to the project developed by the designer, the supplier company completes materials for the facade, taking into account the architectural, climatic, technical conditions for the operation of buildings.

When designing, equipping with materials and design of the facade, two main points must be observed:

• compliance with the continuity of the thermal circuit (in no case should there be gaps, gaps, gaps);
• preservation of the vapor permeability of the pie of the system: the materials of each next layer from inside to outside have the highest degree of vapor permeability, i.e. the walls of the house "breathe".

The thickness of the facade insulation material is calculated by the designer. It depends on the type of material from which the wall is made and on the climatic zone.

Types of materials used

Now we choose a heater for the facade. Various types of materials are widely used here. Consider the most optimal.

It is usually used in the insulation of ventilated facades. It is made from soda, limestone, sand, and secondary glass.

When performing plastering methods for insulating facades, basalt wool with a density of at least 150 kg / m3 and a tensile strength for tearing off layers is used - at least 15 kPa.

Polyfoam can be used only low-combustible and self-extinguishing, as well as only facade brands. In order to increase the fire safety of the building, special incisions made of mineral wool are used.

Extruded polystyrene foam

It resembles a little styrofoam, only it is much stronger, denser and better protects from cold weather. This material is slightly more expensive than polystyrene and is produced in various colors. EPPS is considered a quality material, although the opinions of experts on its application are ambiguous.

Some are in favor, while others are against its use, since it has significant drawbacks - EPPS "does not breathe", that is, it is vapor-proof, and also has poor adhesion with different adhesive solutions. In the house, when using extruded polystyrene foam, there must be good and reliable ventilation.

Brick facades are often insulated with mineral wool. It looks from the outside, like wrapping the facade of a house over the entire area of \u200b\u200binsulation with mineral plates. This material does not release heat to the outside and does not allow cold to pass through, helping to retain heat inside the building. At the same time, mineral wool is an environmentally friendly material that does not allow the occurrence of mold and mildew. When using mineral wool, the building "breathes". It is also often used to insulate the facades of wooden houses.

Installation of a double frame

This is the most common option for insulating the facade of a wooden house. In this case, a layer of insulation is attached to the walls, and decorative facing work is performed on top of it. Between the finishing layer and the insulation it is necessary to leave a gap for ventilation. This technology helps to prevent dampness, vaporization, wood decay.

Plaster

The facade of a wooden house can also be insulated with plaster. In this case, reinforcing mesh is used. But this method is possible only after complete shrinkage of the house.

To summarize

There are many different options for insulating facades. All of them differ in the complexity of the installation, cost, insulation materials. But with any method, in order to get the maximum result, it is also better to insulate not only the walls of the facade, but also the roof, as well as to install windows and insulate water pipes.

It is quite difficult to choose both for already constructed buildings and for new ones. To optimally determine an effective method requires a lot of experience and specialized knowledge. One cannot do without qualified specialists and companies specializing in this area.