Painting of wooden doors. How to cover a solid wood door: varnishes, paints for applying a protective layer How can you cover a wooden door

Wood is ideal for making doors, but it needs protection. Painting allows you to extend the service life and give your doors a beautiful appearance.

How to prepare wooden doors for painting

Application of paint and varnish components requires preparation wooden surface... This is necessary to improve adhesion between the coating and the substrate, as well as even distribution of paint or varnish. You can carry out the preparation yourself, since there is no need for a specially equipped room and professional tools. Moreover, the technology of this process is common both for the old and already painted, and for the new structure. But in the first case, the removal of the existing coating is required, and further actions are optimal for any wooden canvas.

Correct door preparation is the key to perfect staining

For proper preparation, the species of wood from which the product is made is not important. Use comfortable and quality tools. If the wood is hard, then you need to put more effort into processing it. Doors made of pine or other soft solid wood options require careful handling.

Removing old paint from a door

When preparing an old door for an upgrade, it may be necessary to remove the old paint that covers the product. With the help of such an event, you can completely transform a canvas that has lost its beautiful appearance.

The paint can be removed different ways, but it is important to process all areas of the working surface

Thermal, chemical or mechanical methods can be used to remove peeling and old coatings. The features of the technologies are expressed in the following:

• during thermal removal of the coating, a construction hair dryer is used, which heats the surface, and the softened paint is removed with a spatula;
• the chemical method involves applying a special chemical wash to the door, the waiting time is about 5-10 minutes for the agent to work, then the paint is scraped off with a spatula;
• the mechanical method involves processing a wooden door with hard sandpaper, a grinding machine, that is, removing the paint by friction.

After applying the remover, the paint can be easily removed with a spatula

Chemical and thermal methods make it possible to quickly clean the product from the old coating. The implementation of the mechanical method requires time and physical costs, which is not always convenient.

Video: thermal method for removing paint from wood

Door treatment before painting

An old door after paint has been removed or a new product is sanded before coating. This process involves the maximum smoothing of the wood structure for an even distribution of the paint and varnish composition. If there are small dents, cracks on the canvas, then they must be covered with acrylic putty to match the color of the wood. After this product has dried, they begin sanding, which is carried out along the fibers.

The sanding process removes irregularities on the door and ensures a smooth finish

If bath, entrance wooden doors are processed, then after grinding, an antiseptic agent and a fire retardant must be applied to the wood. These substances can be purchased at home improvement stores, and they are applied to the canvas with a brush, distributing them in a thin layer. To increase the service life, interior doors are often treated with an antiseptic.

Video: sanding a wood shield

The choice of paint for wooden doors

To create a dense and uniform coating, use a paint suitable for processing wood products. Such funds are presented in a wide variety and therefore, when choosing, you need to take into account certain features, for example, the operating conditions of the paint, the method of application. The composition is also selected depending on where the doors are located. For example, the entrance canvases are significantly affected by ultraviolet radiation and moisture, and the paint should protect the material from deformation as much as possible.

Door paint can be of any color, but its high performance is important

The choice of paint is carried out taking into account the following features of the placement of doors:

• for entrance doors, you need a product intended for outdoor use, resistant to low and high temperatures, humidity and ultraviolet rays. The paint should provide a dense coating to protect the surface from mechanical stress;
• for interior doors, compositions are optimal that do not have a pungent odor and form a persistent, durable, high-quality coating;
• doors to the bathroom and other rooms with high humidity must be painted with compounds that are resistant to temperature extremes, moisture, and protect the product from decay.

The paint for the door must be dense and provide a durable finish.

Manufacturers produce many options for products, each of which has certain characteristics. Suitable for wood are such compositions as:

• acrylic paint belongs to the group of water-dispersible paint and provides a dense coating. The product has a homogeneous structure and is easy to apply to a wooden surface. Acrylic paint suitable for interior doors installed in rooms with low humidity levels;
• alkyd compositions are based on a complex of thick resin, rosin, glycerin and vegetable oils. Enamels of this type require drying within 2-3 days, protect the wood from decay and form a durable coating that is resistant to abrasion. Suitable for outdoor use;
• polyurethane products create a reliable coating that perfectly protects the wood from moisture and scratches. The composition is comfortably applied, as it is characterized by elasticity.

High-quality paint makes the door beautiful and provides a durable finish

When choosing a wood treatment product, you need to carefully study the information provided by the manufacturer and indicated on the label. This will determine the purpose of a specific paint option and the compliance of the product characteristics with the required level. For example, for front door you need a material intended for outdoor use that has high frost resistance, forms a dense coating and can withstand exposure to UV rays. The impregnation, varnish or paint must have the same base, otherwise the coating will quickly delaminate.

Video: choosing paint for wood

Wooden door treatment: paint application

Painting a natural wood door requires certain tools. You can apply the composition with a brush or a special spray gun. In the first case, it is important to carefully and evenly distribute the product, and in the second, the application is simple, but it also requires precision movements. The use of a brush is optimal at home, since there is no need to prepare the place for staining. It is even possible not to remove the door from its hinges, but only to close those places that should not be painted with film and masking tape. But in this case, you need to pick up a small amount of material on the brush to avoid dripping.

Painting the door with a brush can be done at home

Work with a spray gun is carried out in a utility room or outdoors in dry and warm weather. It is important to avoid dust getting on the painted surface, which is necessary to obtain an even coating. Processing the door with a spray gun involves the following steps:

1. Applying masking tape to areas not exposed to staining. Screw into the upper and lower parts of the frame long self-tapping screws, and then the canvas is placed between two supports, that is, it must be in a suspended state.

   The door leaf for painting can be placed on special supports

2. Preparation and stirring of the dye, if necessary, mixing the components (follow the manufacturer's recommendations indicated on the package label). If the product is thick, then it must be diluted with suitable components, as indicated on the label. Placement of the composition in a special container of the spray gun, test staining of test boards.

   The paint composition is placed in the spray gun tank

3. By the method of short sprays, paint is applied to the surface. All areas of the canvas, paneling and other complex structural elements are carefully processed. After the first layer has dried, apply a second, if necessary.

   The paint is applied along the grain of the wood, which is important when using a spray gun, roller or brush

If the door is varnished, then sandpaper is treated with opaque compounds. This will improve the adhesion of the paint to the varnished structure. Only then can the paint be applied using the selected method: roller, brush or spray gun.

Video: painting a wooden door with a roller

Door varnish technology

The method of applying varnish to a wooden door is slightly different from applying paint, but you can also use a brush or spray gun to work with it. In the second case, a more even thin layer will be obtained, emphasizing the natural structure of the wood.

The use of varnish allows you to make the door beautiful and emphasize the structure of the wood

The varnish is presented in a wide variety and therefore it is important to know the characteristics of the main options. Their classification differs depending on the area of \u200b\u200bapplication, but the funds differ significantly in composition. So, the following options are distinguished:

• water-based acrylic varnishes are used only for interior work, as they have low resistance to humidity, mechanical stress, temperature extremes;
• alkyd varnishes contain resins and vegetable oils, which makes them versatile, they are applicable for indoor and outdoor use;
• oily formulations form a thick and durable coating with a gloss. The drying period of the layer is about 48 hours;
• nitrovarnishes are optimal for interior work, dry within 15-25 minutes, apply them in several layers;
• epoxy varnishes require mixing of the two components in the right proportions and can be used for exterior or interior use.

To obtain an even layer, the varnish is thoroughly mixed

In order to varnish a wooden door, you need to do the following:

1. Study of the instructions for use of the used wood varnish. The composition must be slowly and thoroughly stirred, which will ensure uniformity of color and quality of the coating.

   Any varnish should be thoroughly mixed before use.

2. The prepared composition is poured into the spray gun tank connected to the compressor. Test spraying is carried out on a test board. The door leaf is placed on supports, as in the case of using paint. After that, they begin to apply the product.

   The varnish is applied evenly and in several layers

3. The composition is applied along the structure of the wood, keeping equal but very short spraying intervals. After the first layer has completely dried, you need to process the doors with a grinder with fine-grained sandpaper, remove dust and proceed with further actions. The second and subsequent layers are made only after each previous one has dried.

   The lacquered door looks solid and stylish

Brush application is possible without removing the door from the hinges. In this case, the coating will be very different from the surface treated with a spray gun.

Video: step-by-step restoration and varnishing of the door

Staining the door

Stain is a colored component that not only gives the wood a shade, but also protects the product from decay. This product has a liquid consistency and can be applied with a spray gun or brush. Stains are presented in the following variants:

• water formulations easily penetrate the wood structure and emphasize it, but the product dries for a long time and makes the surface rough;
• solvent-based stain provides a smooth surface, has a strong odor and dries fairly quickly after application;
• oil and wax versions of the stain are environmentally friendly and suitable for processing children's furniture, interior doors.

Stain may contain protective components

When choosing a stain, it is important to take into account its purpose, for example, the product may be optimal for outdoor use. If you process the front door with a tool for interior work, then the canvas will not be sufficiently protected from moisture, and will also quickly lose color.

The stain technology is similar to the varnish or paint method. The main actions are expressed as follows:

1. Placing the canvas on supports, preparing and mixing the product.
2. Test spraying the stain with a spray gun or brushing on the test board.
3. Spray or paint evenly with a brush in one layer of the door leaf.

The stain is applied in a thin layer and evenly

The gap between sprays or brush strokes should be kept to a minimum. This will avoid highlighting borders and hue differences.

Video: using wood stain

Painting wooden doors necessarily involves choosing a product that meets the operating conditions of the product. After that, the processing technology is carried out, and the result depends on the thoroughness of preparing the canvas for painting.

Painting wooden street doors for owners of suburban real estate is not something unusual and special problems, if they are not metal, does not cause. The whole question, for structures made of wood, in fact, comes down to the choice between alkyd and acrylic enamels. In the case of a metal surface, the best solution would be to use hammer enamels.

You can paint a street door with alkyd enamels.

Interest in alkyd enamels is traditional. With good surface preparation and adherence to work technology, an outer coating can be obtained high Quality: glossy, with a colorful color. It takes 20 minutes to dry the applied layer of paint. Then the procedure can be repeated. It turns out that 3 layers can be applied within one hour.

Alkyd paints owe this to white alcohol, which is used as a solvent for film-forming substances:

• drying oil;
• resins;
• oils.

A polyhydric alcohol with an acidic medium is highly volatile. Leaves behind a film of alkyds with inclusions:

• pigment additives that set the color of the paint;
• mineral finely ground fillers used to harden the painted surface;
• antiseptics that prevent the development of microorganisms.

The beautiful appearance that entrance street doors acquire using these paints overshadows the disadvantages:

• the need for thorough preparation of the surface for painting;
• fragility of the coating. Every two to three years, the coloring must be done again.

Water dispersion paints for wooden doors

The binder of these paints is an acrylic emulsion. After the water has dried, it envelops and glues the filler together. The process is slow. The ground minerals have time to fill microcracks and stick together over the entire surface. The layer is thin but strong. Such a door, with a careful attitude, will look decent in ten years.

The disadvantages include:

• long, almost a day, drying period. Such a coating will reach full strength only after a month. It is possible to paint a street door qualitatively only when it is removed. It is difficult to imagine a house or cottage without front doors, even during the day;
• lack of gloss;
• cracking in the cold.

Paint for metal doors

Today, if powder technologies are discarded, hammer paint is the only option for updating the door color without sacrificing time and money. It can be made on epoxy, alkyd and acrylic base. The color palette is varied. The bond strength is extremely high. Drying time for one layer is about 10 minutes. Can be applied by brush, roller, spray. After drying, it forms a characteristic coating, visually perceived as uneven. Hammer paint is applied to a horizontal surface. This is the main obstacle to its widespread use.

In order not to remove the doors, you can opt for a wide range of paints for metal or use cans with nitro enamels. In this case, the main attention should be paid to surface preparation: cleaning and priming.

This article will tell you about such irreplaceable parts of the interior as doors. More precisely, we will touch on the issue of restoring old wooden doors after many years of operation, and we will analyze how to paint a wooden door, and how to do it correctly.

Today in Russia there is a strange fashion to believe that comfortable and rich housing with high-quality interior decoration is possible only with the widespread use of the achievements of modern industry. This is largely due to the endless movie series and TV shows, which are full of various advertisements that show such interiors in a favorable light.

But all over the world there is a literal opposite trend. For example, in the same Europe, things are still most valued self made, and people create a lot for their home with their own hands, using old unnecessary things as material. And there is nothing strange in this, because it is no secret that such crafts are always of excellent quality and have an original appearance.

Moreover, today whole design trends have arisen, dedicated to all kinds of alterations of old junk into items of modern everyday life.

Door cleaning

The old door is no exception to the rule, which has been repainted many times during operation, which has lost its original gloss and attractiveness. Today, manufacturers, in pursuit of profit, reduce the cost of their products as much as possible due to quality, therefore all doors of the budget and middle class are modular and are made practically of paper. But in the past, things were different.

Since the wood was very available materialthen your old companion is most likely made of natural wood, perhaps even hardwood.

Don't be alarmed when you see the door in the photo above. With the right approach, almost any canvas can be brought to an ideal state.

Door restoration consists of several stages:

• Removal of old coatings by mechanical, thermal or chemical methods;
• Restoring the integrity of the surface;
• Grinding;
• Application of paints and varnishes.

But let's talk about everything in order. The first step is to prepare workplace... All work should be carried out in a clean, bright, well-ventilated area. It is most convenient to place the canvas horizontally, for example on a workbench. If you do not have one, then an old table is perfect, or, in extreme cases, a floor.

The work surface must be covered with cellophane film, which should be fixed with adhesive tape. Next, we remove our canvas from its hinges, dismantle glass and fittings from it, and proceed to cleaning it from old enamel (see How to remove paint from a tree: we do it according to the rules).

So:

• Mechanical paint removal - the most time consuming. So, if the peeled areas are easily cleaned with a spatula, then this tool is not suitable for cleaning well-painted areas. Coarse sandpaper or electrical abrasives are used. Another significant disadvantage of this method is the possibility of damaging the texture of the wood, so you have to be quite careful.
• The next method is thermal... Its essence is quite simple and consists in the fact that the paint must be softened by heating the surface to a certain temperature, and then scraped off with a spatula. This procedure is performed using a building hair dryer or a gas burner. A hairdryer is more preferable for hobbyists as it is a safer tool. In the case of working with the burner, it is necessary to exercise the utmost care and remove all flammable substances as far as possible. When processing the surface, it must not be overheated, otherwise you risk setting the wood on fire or starting a fire.
• The last method is to use chemical enamel softenerssuitable for most types of paints. After applying such a composition, you will see that the surface of the door is covered with bubbles, after which it is cleaned. The average action time varies from 5 to 10 minutes. More accurate data will be indicated by the instruction of the funds you purchased.

Attention! Work with chemical means indoors with a good supply of fresh air, while using skin and breathing protection.

Putty and sanding

Under removed paint you will most likely find many small chips and cracks that will need to be removed before painting can begin. For these purposes, you will need wood putty or special mastic.

• Before applying the putty, sand the area around the crack with fine sandpaper. Then carefully remove the dust with a damp sponge or a spray can. compressed air, and prime the crack using a regular paint brush. The soil itself must be suitable for woodworking, otherwise you risk getting the opposite effect.
• We give some time for the soil to absorb, and carefully cover the crack in the following way. To avoid getting air inside, apply the mixture in short strokes perpendicular to the direction of the crack, filling it in stages. inner space... Remove excess mixture, and leave the part to be treated for a short time, thereby allowing the putty to set (see Putty on wood: how to do it wisely).
• After a few minutes, coat the area again to achieve the best surface evenness. If this does not work for you, and the surface constantly forms a depression, then repeat this procedure (with an intermediate short drying) as many times as necessary. To continue finishing, you must wait until it is completely dry.

It is important to remember that this method of eliminating surface defects is cosmetic and is definitely not suitable for very deep potholes, drilled holes, and even more so broken elements. In this case, you will have to remove the damaged fragments and replace them with new ones using a filler to smooth the joints. But this topic is quite extensive, and we will touch on it in one of the next articles.

Advice! To seal potholes at the ends of the door, use reinforced alkyd-based compounds, as they are stronger and more elastic, which makes them more resistant to mechanical stress, and allows you to seal large spaces.

After the putty has completely dried, it is necessary to sand the entire door surface. The most convenient way is to use a grinding machine, in the absence of which zero sandpaper is used. Go through the entire surface of the canvas carefully, otherwise you risk that the remaining irregularities will be visible after painting the door.

Painting a wooden door

At this stage, all preparatory work has been fully completed. Now let's figure out the best way to paint a wooden door. We will also analyze the tools and methods of applying enamel or varnish to a wooden surface.

Selection of paints and varnishes

In fact, the choice is not as wide as it might seem at first. The chemical industry offers a choice of the following types of paint: oil paint, alkyd enamel, acrylic enamel and nitro paint.

Of course, everyone knows that stains and clear varnishes are great for painting wood, but in this article we omit them due to the fact that it is almost impossible to remove the old paint 100%, and no one wants it to show through the new topcoat ... That is, to paint the old door, we need an opaque paint.

So:

• The most common and affordable enamel is alkyd. It has good coating durability, has a glossy surface, and also has a wide range of colors and shades. The main disadvantage is a persistent chemical odor. An alkyd aura is in the air for at least two days, which creates inconvenience when using such paint in residential premises.
• The exact opposite is acrylic enamel. It has a low-strength surface and practically does not smell, has a wide selection color solutions and matte finish. Due to its low strength, it requires the application of a top layer of special acrylic varnish, which leads to additional financial costs. By the way, the price of the paint itself is much higher than the alkyd analogue, which can also be attributed to disadvantages.
• Modern oil paints, in their properties, are almost identical to alkyd enamels, and differ in that natural drying oil is used in its production. They can be tinted in any color, and the durability of the coating is sufficient for several seasons, even in very humid conditions. An additional disadvantage is the long drying time of the coating.
• Nitro enamel and nitro varnish are the most durable coatings for wood. The applied layer has a durable surface and noble appearance. Moreover, such material is the most toxic of this trinity, and requires careful handling, especially in conditions of poor ventilation.

The application of the above materials is no different, so when making a choice between them, focus primarily on your needs and financial capabilities.

After such preparation, it will be very unpleasant to get the result with gaps or smudges. To avoid such a fate, use our advice.

So:

• Lay the door leaf on the prepared working area... A horizontal position is very important to avoid paint drips.
• Next, you need to clean the surface from dirt and dust. Wet sanitary napkins or a porous sponge are well suited for this purpose.
• For further work, you will need a spray (can be in the form of a can), or a set of brushes and a roller (see). Each method of application requires certain knowledge and skills, and if you just smear the paint with a brush without observing the sequence, then most likely the result will not look much better than the original state.
• When working with a sprayer, always keep its nozzle at the same distance from the surface to be painted (depending on the power and degree of spraying, look for information in the attached instructions) - this will allow you to control the thickness of the applied layer. If you move the spray too close, then sagging will inevitably appear on the coating, otherwise the layer will become thinner, which will affect the uniformity of the shade.

Painting with a brush and roller can be done by absolutely everyone - the most important thing is to observe the correct sequence. When painting paneled doors, start from where they meet the door frame (the most confluent places).

When painting with a brush, the enamel will best adhere to the surface when applied parallel to the direction of the wood grain.

When painting with a roller, remove excess paint from it, for which a bath is used. After that, roll the enamel evenly over the door frame, making sure that the paint does not accumulate on them, and does not drip onto the ends and panels.

Otherwise, you risk greatly spoiling the appearance of the finished product. Although the procedure itself is quite simple, take a little time anyway and check out the video in this article, as the popular proverb about "see once" works everywhere without exception.

Advice! Do not combine the use of a roller and a brush on the same plane, as you will get a combination of different textures in these places. And if you need to do this trick, then take a fine-pored sponge.

After reading this article, each reader will decide for himself what is the best way to paint wooden doors. On our own behalf, we only add that each method and each material should be applied situationally, strictly corresponding to the specific task at hand.

For example, a coating applied with a spray will certainly be more beautiful and much more uniform, but using this method in an apartment is at least very strange. Therefore, be careful, do not blindly trust sellers, be fully armed and approach any issue with knowledge and intelligence.

An old wooden door that has lost its attractiveness can be easily restored by painting. To give the canvas really the new kind, you need to choose the right paint and do the preparatory work. Dyes based on aggressive solvents are a thing of the past. An excellent choice for painting a door block is odorless enamel, stain or water-based varnish.

Having decided on self-restoration for interior wooden doors, an important rule must be learned: odorless paint is intended for interior work, and all other enamels and varnishes are for external use.

When choosing enamel for windows and doors, the peculiarities of the canvas are taken into account:

• The door block is made from different types of wood and waste from the woodworking industry. From density the amount of absorption of the paint before it dries depends on the material. An extra layer is an additional cost. When choosing an expensive paint and varnish material, it is wise to use drying oil. After impregnation, the loose wood will be covered with a film and paint absorption will decrease.
• The consumption of varnish or enamel for doors depends on the surface. Smooth just walk with two thin layers of paint. Rough the material requires more layers.
• When restoring door blocks, it will not be possible to completely remove the old coating. The new paintwork material must not contain aggressive substances, corroding old paint. During the reaction, swelling and flaking will appear on the canvas.

Additionally, when choosing a paint and varnish material, take into account usage intensity door block, as well as a level humidity and temperature environment.

Choice colors Is a personal preference. The new canvas looks beautiful under transparent varnish or with the addition of stain. Old door after cleaning, it is better to cover with enamel, choosing the desired color.

Frequent interior changes are not complete without repainting the door block. To avoid difficulties in the future, choose a paint and varnish material, easily removable from the surface.

How to handle a wooden door?

Wood has a big drawback - it absorbs moisture. An expanded sash cannot be closed or opened normally. In order not to swell a wooden door from dampness, before painting it must be treated with a protective impregnation and preparatory measures must be taken.

It is especially necessary to process a wooden front door, since on the street the canvas is constantly exposed to moisture and temperature changes.

How to paint a wooden door?

The paint for the door leaf must meet high operational characteristics and be safe for human health. Conventionally, paints and varnishes are divided into two groups:

• Transparent it is better to paint new wooden interior or entrance doors with varnishes and impregnations. The applied layer is a decorative glaze that does not hide surface defects. The transparent finish can highlight the interesting structure of the new wood.

• Opaque paints or enamels for windows and doors are made from solvents with added pigments. It is easy to hide wood defects, uncleaned areas under a new layer old paint or simply give the door unit a new original look.

Most often, when restoring a wooden sash, opaque paints are preferred.

From a wide variety for interior work, it is optimal to choose a safe paint or water-based varnish. From the street, a wooden canvas can even be coated with nitro paint.

Alkyd paint

It is advisable to use alkyd paint during major repairs, when no one lives in the apartment. During this period, all toxic odors will have time to disappear. The dried surface can be matte or glossy, but in any case it repels dampness well.

Alkyd quick-drying enamel is characterized by the presence of a pungent odor. Its popularity is based on a variety of colors, low cost, and resistance to aggressive environmental influences.

Alkyd varnish

Because of the transparent structure, they are better off covering a new wooden interior or front door. The disadvantage is a pungent odor and long drying time. Shiny transparent glaze will accentuate the beauty of natural wood.

Acrylic paint

The best choice to paint interior wooden doors indoors. The advantage of the coloring composition is the absence of a toxic odor, as well as the ability to preserve the texture of wood. A thin layer allows the wood to "breathe".

Acrylic enamels dry quickly, and after painting, there is no toxic smell inside the room. Another advantage is the large selection of colors. The disadvantage is the high cost. After drying, the surface becomes matt. Additional opening with acrylic varnish further increases the cost of painting a wooden structure.

Acrylic lacquer

Acrylic lacquer is perfect for covering a new, untreated interior door. Non-flammable, harmless to human health, the composition will retain the color and texture of the wood. The wooden door leaf from the street side is not covered with acrylic varnish.

Thermoenamel

It is unreasonable to use it for an interior door block. The paint is expensive and its main purpose is to protect the painted surface from low and high temperatures. If desired, a wooden or metal door can be painted at the entrance to the house. Thermo enamels differ in the field of application. For a wooden canvas, Bosny spray paint is suitable, which can withstand, depending on the brand, heating to a temperature of + 200 ° C or + 650 ° C.

Nitro paint

The most durable and durable paint for wooden doors is nitro varnish or nitro enamel, but it is better not to use it for interior door blocks. They are highly toxic and can only be handled in well-ventilated areas. Nitro paint is suitable for the front door. If it needs to be removed in the future, it is not easy at all.

Polyurethane paint

Polyurethane paints are gaining popularity, characterized by good adhesion to wood. With proper preparation of the wooden surface, you can not be afraid of the appearance of blisters on the door. The dried layer of paint is completely harmless to humans, preserves bright color for a long period of use, and is also resistant to scratches. The main advantage of the polyurethane layer is elasticity. If the wood is slightly deformed, cracks will not appear on the paint.

Benefits of stain and varnish

For wood, stain and varnish give not only a beautiful appearance, but also additionally protect natural material from aging. A combined coating of two components is often used. The stain penetrates deep into the wood, where, together with tannins, it forms a protective barrier against moisture and preserves the natural color of the wood from burning out. The lacquer creates a decorative shine on the door and additionally protects against moisture.

Painting veneer

A wooden door covered with veneer must not be painted with compounds based on aggressive solvents. First of all, this concerns nitro paint. The chemical attack will cause dull stains on the veneer. It is better to choose tinted varnishes based on water, glyphthalic or polyurethane.

To paint a varnished veneered wooden door, the surface is cleaned with a special floor mortar. After removing the old varnish, the veneer is primed, and when it dries, it is painted.

Refresh all wood door block necessary in case of damage to the coating over a large area. Small scratches are easier.

As a rule, old doors have a high-strength panel and a high-quality box, but the appearance deteriorates over time due to a thick coating. As one of the budget renovation methods, regular wood door paint is used. In this article, you will learn how you can paint wooden doors, and get acquainted with other modern ways to renovate a coating at home.

Fig. 1. Door before and after painting

Selection of paints and varnishes

LKM are classified according to the following criteria:

• By composition (water and organic);
• By protective effect (against organic and chemical substances, mechanical influences, changes in humidity and temperature);
• By the method of use (internal, external, combined);
• By type (impregnation, paints, stains, varnishes).

1. Paints. They can be used for processing new and old doors. There are no difficulties with the choice, but due to incompetence, people choose the wrong material. Paints and varnishes are transparent and opaque. The first formulations include certain pigments exhibiting a woody structure. But often opaque coatings are used, consisting of organic solvents (oil, alkyd and other types).

The most popular is alkyd enamel, the cost of which is affordable. This coating has high strength, a wide range of shades.... But the enamel smells bad, its bad smell 2 days remain, so they work with her on the street, first removing the canvas from the hinges or freeing the room. An alternative solution is acrylic enamel, which also has many colors but no toxic odor. The dried paint has no particular strength, therefore it is additionally treated with acrylic varnish to protect it from mechanical stress.

A more resistant coating for wood doors is nitro paint, which has optimal durability. The composition is toxic, sometimes leads to allergic manifestations, so you need to work with it in protective equipment. If an old surface is treated with nitro paint, preparation and grinding of the panel to a light shade is carried out in advance.

2. Varnishes. These are traditional coatings that give wood a shine and protect its surface. Usually the varnish is used for covering doors in rooms with high humidity (baths and saunas).

There are many different varnishes:

• Acrylic. The material is resistant to negative influences, humidity and ultraviolet light. Distinguish between matte and glossy coat without toxic odor.
• Nitrocellulose. Varnish can be used for wooden doors. The coating is not suitable for the treatment of baths and baths, as it has insufficient strength and cracks quickly.
• Water-based varnish. He has no unpleasant smell. Material properties may vary due to different additives.
• Polyurethane. The varnish has high strength and adhesion to wood, it is matte, semi-gloss and glossy. In addition to wood, polyurethane varnishes can be applied to parquet, veneer, countertops.
• Oil varnish. There is no strong smell. The composition contains a lot of fatty resins, so the old coating is removed from the door in advance. It is better to apply with a brush because of the thick consistency.
• Polyester. The composition has a pungent odor, is highly durable, but toxic, therefore it is suitable for processing street doors.

Interior doors are best painted with acrylic or polyurethane coating, and for external works or rooms with high humidity, resistant materials are suitable.

3. Stains. The task of such formulations is to color the wood and provide temporary protection against negative influences. But a constant renewal of the layer is required, which emphasizes the woody structure.

There are several options:

• With lacquer base (azure). The composition reduces the duration of work, but it is difficult to achieve aesthetics, therefore, a monochromatic surface can be obtained by spraying with a spray gun;
• With oils. Dilute with solvent before use;
• With water. It dries longer, but there is no toxic odor. The composition penetrates deeply, giving a richer shade and a clear pattern that looks beautiful;
• Alcohol based. It dries quickly, but it is more expensive and has a pungent odor.

To protect wood from fungus, moisture and dirt, oil wax is used, which deeply penetrates the surface. The coating gives strength and shine.

If you choose what to paint the door surface with, then you need to take into account the drying time and the effect obtained.

Preparing the canvas for painting

First, the door is removed from the hinges, placed on flat surface... Before using alkyd paint, it is better to place the canvas outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. The door is then locked so that all elements are accessible. Accessories are also removed or wrapped in foil, and the locks are sealed with tape.

Door cleaning

Pre-cleaning, removal of old enamel or paint... For such purposes, it is better to use a grinder, and in its absence, you can peel off the layer with medium-grain sandpaper. The bubbles that appear are removed with a hairdryer, which heats up the paint layer to remove it with a spatula. Costly and in a simple way surface cleaning agents are cleaning compounds.

Old paint layers can be removed with an abrasive drill. Pieces of dust and paint are swept from the panel, the surface is sanded so that there are no scratches, irregularities or roughness left. The surface is inspected from both sides, the tightness of the joints is analyzed, the frame can be strengthened with fasteners and metal corners.

Putty and sanding

The existing cracks and gaps are sealed with a new filler... A composition of any color is suitable for alkyd paint, and before applying oil impregnation, varnish or wax, the tone of the putty should correspond to the panel. Dry areas of the door are sanded with fine-grained sandpaper. At this stage, any defects are removed.

Antiseptic coating

When using paint, the surface is pre-treated with a fire retardant and antiseptic impregnation (for example, biotex) when the door is installed in the steam room. It is advisable to choose products from one company, which will improve the interaction and quality of the coating.

After that, the door must be primed, after which a layer of putty must be applied. It is necessary to process all the zones of the door, as well as the gaps in the decorative details, between the jamb and the lintel. After the putty dries, the surface is putty again.

Staining technology

If a new canvas is being painted, then it should be protected from swelling. Pre-lay it on a flat surface, process it with sandpaper or a grinder. Then the panel is primed, grooves and flat areas are processed. After the surface has dried, secondary treatment is carried out.

The old door of the house must be painted with high quality so that there are no stains and smudges on its surface. You hardly need to buy a spray gun to paint one or two canvases, so you can use a paneled brush or roller.

After you have chosen what you can paint a wooden door with, you should familiarize yourself with some of the nuances of the work:

• fluff the brush, removing poorly fixed hairs;
• it is necessary to paint the panel door correctly in 3 stages, using a roller, from the upper left corner you need to shift to the right, covering the entire canvas. After drying, the door must be processed in the longitudinal direction. Then you need to paint the canvas from the upper right corner;
• when processing a paneled canvas, you need to use a brush, treat the surface carefully, avoiding excess coating.

Painting with alkyd enamel

To cover the doors with alkyd enamel, the following steps should be followed:

• remove the panel from the hinges so that paint drips do not appear on the surface. Then, with a spatula and sandpaper, you need to remove the scuffs and the old layer, thoroughly rinse the surface and inspect for defects. Chips and cracks are putty, the surface is dried and sanded with sandpaper. At the last stage, priming is carried out;
• the finished canvas lies on a horizontal surface of the floor, table or workbench, covered with polyethylene. The existing glass is sealed with adhesive tape. At the paneled door, the panels are first painted with a brush, and then the projections. In the future, the entire panel is painted over with a roller. With a two-layer application of alkyd enamel, you get a consumption of 40-80 g / m2;
• in addition, you can tint the canvas under wenge by impregnating it with a special compound. This paint is based on natural oils... After the layer of paint has been applied, it must be carried over it with a rubber spatula or sponge about 10 times;
• you can take liquid soap with paint. First, the cloth is covered with paint and liquid soap. The soap needs to be coated with another coat.

Stain treatment

When choosing a stain, no primer is used. The agent penetrates into the deep layers of pine or oak wood, coloring its fibers and increasing the protective performance. There are several ways to apply the composition: rubbing, spraying, simple application and staining with a brush. Usually simple application is used.

Since the stain will fit better on a damp canvas, it needs to be slightly moistened. First, the coloring is carried out along the fibers, and then across them. The next layer is carried out in the direction of the fibers. From below we process the panel with jambs so as not to disrupt the design of the structure.

After the water-based stain has been applied, the surface should be sanded with a sandpaper (due to the raised fibers), remove the dust and apply the next coat. If an alcohol stain is used, the fibers do not rise and no sanding is required. But aqueous formulations are odorless and toxic.

Oil or wax impregnation

There are nuances in processing the canvas with oil impregnation. First, the Pinotex composition is mixed well. If applied incorrectly, dark areas and streaks may appear. For work, use a brush, spray, roller or foam sponge. Depending on the porosity of the material, the number of layers will be calculated.

First, a little composition is recruited, distributing it evenly over the width of the panel. Then the impregnation is rolled out with a roller or rubbed with a brush without sagging. Drying time is 8-12 hours. Another layer is applied no later than a day later.

Imitation wood

To paint the interior doors under a tree with your own hands was done correctly, follow the instructions:

• we apply light paint (beige, white, gray or yellow) to the building material;
• the dried surface is treated with liquid soap;
• cover with dark paint, remove liquid soap.

The wood structure can be made on veneered material by brushing the fibers with a special brush (the effect is "antique"). Then one or more paint coatings should be applied to the surface and sanded.

How to paint laminated doors

Compared to doors made of natural wood, laminated products look aesthetically pleasing, easy to use and affordable. To process laminated doors, you will need a roller or brush, wood putty with a spatula, sandpaper, rags, solvent and special enamel.

The surface is completely sanded, cleaned from dust with a cloth and putty with a thin layer. After the putty has dried, sandpaper is applied, applied a second time and polished again after drying. Before painting, the composition is diluted with a solvent. The paint is applied carefully, paying attention to hard-to-reach areas. After 3 layers, the result is fixed with varnish.

If there are no defects, you can update the laminate. A tinted varnish or stain, which is applied after sanding and tinting, is suitable.

The choice of the color of the panel is based on the wishes. The main recommendations include:

• drying the surface before applying alkyd enamel;
• combination of a shade of canvas with furniture;
• choice of a door made of solid wood, coated with oil, for a wooden dwelling;
• a combination of an aged door with antiques;
• choice of doors with dark tint for lacquered furniture;
• use of water-based paints.

In the process of painting the door, you must follow the technique and safety measures.