Water supply through a well. Water to the house from a well: how to make a borehole water supply system? Necessary equipment and structures

The water supply scheme of a private house from a well allows you to provide residents clean water suitable for cooking and drinking. The depth of the well and its equipment are selected based on individual conditions, including the way the house is used (as a dacha or for permanent residence), the number of residents and the volume of water consumption, which in the most optimal case includes not only domestic needs, but also watering plants on the site. If circumstances do not allow to install a well for water with such a high productivity on the site, you can use a well for irrigation, and a well for drinking, bathing, cooking.

In modern conditions, a well cannot provide such high quality water as a well. For those who are ready to point out the traditional nature of wells and their successful operation over the years as an objection, it is worth remembering that many years ago there was no toxic substances(even if you do not personally use chemicals on the site, they can get into the ground during rain along with precipitation or with water flow from neighbors), and there were no exhaust gases and dust containing heavy metals in the air.

Do-it-yourself water supply of a private house from a well involves the extraction of water from an aquifer in the ground. Her purity is ensured by passing through a natural soil filter. Thus, even shallow drilling ("on the sand") gives much cleaner water. In a well, contaminants from the upper layers of the soil can enter the water through permeable walls. Deeper artesian water sources are maximally protected by a layer of soil from negative impact environment, they have the cleanest water.

Another advantage of wells is external security.. There is no open “mirror”, that is, the surface of water on which dust or debris can settle, while it cannot provide tightness, protecting water only from falling leaves and other large debris.

Among other things, wells silt over time, and their cleaning is a rather laborious task, while pumping a technically equipped well is easier and more efficient.

Types of wells

Conventionally, wells can be divided into two types depending on their depth and the aquifer used.

Various types of wells - for sand and artesian for limestone

• Closest to the soil surface is sandy aquifer. Its depth of occurrence is no more than 50 meters, and in some cases it does not exceed 7-10 meters. The advantage of this aquifer is its accessibility. Wells "on the sand" (including Abyssinian or "needles") can be drilled independently, and even with the involvement of specialists, the cost of the work will not be too high. At the same time, shallow depth does not guarantee complete protection against contaminants entering the water. Another disadvantage of the sandy aquifer is the often low water content, due to which the source is depleted rather quickly.

• limestone aquifer located at a depth of about 100 m from the surface level, and it contains the purest water, protected from the ingress of toxins. Limestone aquifers are more abundant than sandy ones, and artesian wells designed to draw water from great depths can successfully operated for 50 years or more. without the participation of professionals and the use of special equipment is impossible. In addition, drilling will require significant investment, as well as drafting and obtaining permits . Despite this, all efforts and expenses will turn out to be a long-term investment - a capital structure will provide the house and plot with water for many years.

Based on the characteristics of the operation of various types of sources, it can be said that the water supply system of a private house from a well "to the sand" is optimal for giving and periodic residence, and an artesian source is suitable for water supply of a house in which they live permanently.

Water supply system and its elements

The scheme of water supply, carried out to the house from the well, includes the following nodes and elements:

• the well itself with a caisson protecting its mouth from pollution and temperature extremes.
• pump or ,
• a hydraulic accumulator to stabilize the operation of the plumbing system, prevent frequent pump starts and uninterrupted fluid supply during pump repairs or power outages,
• , providing purification from sand and smaller insoluble impurities mechanically, and if necessary (according to the results of laboratory analysis) - a decrease in hardness and iron content in the liquid,
• control and monitoring system of the pump, including a pressure gauge and for setting the parameters for switching on and off the pumping unit, which prevents air entrapment when the level drops, ROM for smooth start and acceleration of the pump, a gearbox that corrects the pressure characteristics.

Pump selection

In order to obtain uninterrupted and adequate water supply to a private house from a well, the water supply scheme must include a water pump suitable for certain purposes.

On sale there are complex pumping stations, already equipped with hydraulic accumulators and pressure switches. At first glance, it may seem that such equipment is better used to equip a well than to complete it with separate elements. At the same time, at the pumping station, the pumping unit is located on the surface, so it cannot lift liquid from a great depth.

Important: The pumping station is suitable only for shallow wells (about 10 meters).

Artesian wells and even less deep sources "on the sand" are equipped with special borehole pumps - submersible models, the operating parameters of which are selected in accordance with operational characteristics source, the volume of water consumption in the house in peak mode, as well as the features that water supply systems have country house from a well in each specific case (the length of the pipeline, the need to raise water to the 2nd or 3rd floor, to the attic, etc.).

The main data for the calculation are:

• well depth,
• the distance between the hydraulic accumulator and the outlet of the well,
• the height of the highest point of the water intake,
• the required pressure in the pipeline (it is important to consider that for some types of equipment, in particular, irrigation systems or car washes, it must be higher than in a conventional tap, the nominal values ​​\u200b\u200bare indicated in the accompanying documentation),
• possible losses in the system (if there is no reason to believe that the losses will become larger than usual due to leakage, you can take the standard value and add another 2 m to the calculated pump head requirement).

In addition to the pressure characteristic, the criterion for evaluating a pump when choosing is its performance.

When conducting plumbing into the house, you most likely may need. Read about its varieties on our website.

About the features of irrigation pumps and their selection.

Mounting Features

The efficiency and trouble-free operation of the water supply system largely depend on how correctly the equipment for water supply will be installed in country house from the well.

The first and one of the most important steps is the installation of the pump.. It is performed in the following sequence:

1. Connection to the pumping unit of the check valve.
2. Installation of a compression sleeve and connection to an external pipeline.
3. Fixing the cable for lowering the pump into the well (after threading it into the eyes, it is fastened with metal clamps).
4. Fixation on the cable of the pipe and power cable for simultaneous and uniform immersion.
5. Descent of the pumping unit to the bottom of the well with a mark of the immersion depth on the cable.
6. Lifting the pump 1 m from the bottom (this arrangement is considered optimal).
7. Rope fixation in .

You can check the operation of the pumping unit a few minutes after installation, after it is filled with water.

The assembly of automation is carried out according to the scheme attached in the photo.

Pipes for water supply are used with a diameter of 32 mm made of metal-plastic, cross-linked polyethylene or HDPE.

The device of autonomous water supply in a private house implies that the pipeline to the house can be carried out along an underground trench or on the surface of the earth, however, in any of these cases it is necessary to exclude the possibility of its freezing.

Depending on the depth of the trench, it is sufficient in some cases to provide underground utilities with a layer thermal insulation material and, if necessary, protect against corrosion. For these purposes, a water pipe with thermal protection is often laid inside a sewer or corrugated pipe. practical solution will be the simultaneous laying of the supply pumping cable along the trench.

When laying communications on the surface, the heat-insulating layer is supplemented with a heating cable.

The right type of well for the house and proper equipment of the source will ensure continuous autonomous water supply With high quality water.

The water supply of a private house from a non-centralized source is already familiar - the time of buckets with rocker arms has irretrievably gone. Theoretically, laying a water supply system and connecting a well to it are simple actions: they equipped a caisson, dug trenches, laid pipes in them, installed a storage tank on the way, connected everything, not forgetting to screw on the taps, set up automation - and water went. This is true, but in in general terms. At each stage there are certain subtleties. We will consider them.

• source (well, well);
• pumping station(pump + hydraulic accumulator);
• pipeline.

These components are equipped with additional:

• caisson for a well,
• automation,
• cleaning filters,
• water heater.

The video demonstrates the main stages of the process in a few minutes.

Video: house water supply from a well

As you can see, there is nothing super complicated in the device of the water supply system of a private house: you can call specialists to conduct water, or you can do it yourself.

In the video, they combined the device of water supply and sanitation systems, and rightly so: it is optimal to mount both systems at the same time.

Pipeline

To bring water from the well, it is necessary to lay a pipeline. The gasket consists of earthworks(digging trenches), laying pipes and their tight connection. On the one hand, the pipeline is connected to the source, on the other - to consumers. On the way (in the house, in the caisson) they introduce a hydraulic accumulator equipped with automation.

Pipeline insulation

Pipes need insulation (according to the rules and common sense). The most powerful option is to fill the trenches with concrete (sand-concrete-pipe), followed by the treatment of the resulting tunnel with hydrocement. The method is troublesome (formwork, reinforcement, providing access) and expensive. It is also better not to think about laying pipes below the freezing point of the soil if this point is at a depth of 2 m.

The most simple and effective method- laying pipes "as is" using a heating cable and complex insulation. With a heating cable, everything is extremely simple - it is purchased in the form of ready-made sections and fastened with a special aluminum mounting tape (there are others, but this one is better) according to the instructions. One end of the cable is muffled at the factory, the other end has a plug. After installation, it remains to plug the section into an outlet (but this is only if the cable is selected correctly).

After installing the cable, they arrange a comprehensive insulation of pipes. The easiest way to use insulation is to use ready-made shells and foil materials based on fiberglass / fiberglass. As for corrosion, choose polypropylene pipes - this will eliminate the formation of rust.

Heating cable

Resistive cables are used to heat pipelines, gutters, roofs, and underfloor heating. They are single-core and double-core. Single-core requires a return to the connection point, which complicates both design and installation. If on any simple plot roofs can still use this type of cable, it is not recommended to choose a single-core wire for heating pipes, no matter how much you want to save money.

There is another aspect where saving is harmful: cables are of variable and constant resistance - wire with constant resistance is cheaper, but always works at full capacity. Variable resistance wire is more expensive, but consumes much less energy, which creates permanent savings on fees. utilities.

The best option is a self-regulating cable with variable resistance, which comes on the market in the form of finished sections of various lengths.

The principle of operation of a self-regulating cable

Hydraulic accumulator

From the well / well through the pipeline, water enters the accumulator, from the accumulator - to consumers. The market is saturated with equipment various types: expensive pumping stations of European manufacturers are so advanced that they work without a hydraulic accumulator. However, it is almost impossible to install and properly configure such a system on your own without having specific skills in working with fine electronics. We do not consider this option (since there is only one advice - contact the specialists). In other cases, a hydraulic accumulator is required. Its task is to accumulate water and ensure proper pressure in the system. It is on the storage tank that automation elements are installed.

Relay on the tank

Equipment selection

In choosing a pump, price is secondary. You can’t just buy any device, connect it and wait in the bathroom on the 3rd floor for excellent water pressure and its uninterrupted supply. The brand (manufacturer) is also secondary here. Each line includes models from low-power to natural "monsters" capable of supplying several homes. Both are good in certain situations. To do right choice, you need to tell the seller:

• total water consumption
• distance from the well
• pipeline length,
• location of the accumulator.

If you are at a loss with water consumption, please report the number of consumers (water intake points: kitchen, bathroom, toilet, washing machine etc.) to the seller - he will calculate the required parameter based on practice and documentation. Instructions with graphs are attached to each model - the manufacturer makes the calculation, it indicates how much water in what time over what distance the equipment is able to pump.

The length of the pipeline is calculated taking into account the vertical sections - hence the two parameters (distance from the well and length).

As a rule, the accumulator is placed in the house, but sometimes it is placed in the caisson. it important point, so do not forget to remind about it (if you have such an installation) when buying a pump.

Storage tank in the caisson

Automation

Without automation, the water supply system can be considered dead. Even if you agree to endlessly run to the equipment in order to turn it on, the equipment itself does not agree with this state of affairs. From disorder, it becomes unusable very quickly. Automation comes in 3 generations, but we only consider the first, since more advanced systems are too difficult to set up on your own.

Modern pumps are equipped with protection against dry running, overheating, power surges - just clarify what is included in the configuration and buy the missing one (or better, a good pump).

Required:

• pressure switch,
• manometer,
• check valve.

The relay (it already happens with a pressure gauge) is placed on the accumulator - it is in the storage tank that the set pressure level is maintained, and when it reaches one of the threshold values, the relay is activated, turning off / on the pump.

Automation installation scheme

The treatment equipment is placed on a pipe that supplies water to the accumulator. The check valve is mounted on it, but closer to the pump - the valve prevents the outflow of water into the well.

If you have a deep artesian well, it is categorically not recommended to install automation on your own - 1st generation equipment is only suitable for sand wells, and do not install more serious systems with your own hands if there is no special knowledge on setting up fine electronics.

Which well is better

Which well is better to drill for a house is a somewhat incorrect statement of the question. You can’t just take and order your favorite option - the bowels may not agree. The decision is made based on the results of geological surveys. Ideally, exploratory drilling is carried out, the core is studied, and after that it is determined whether to drill into sand or limestone. An artesian well is far from always better, and sometimes it can become golden (depending on the depth of the layers).

All these subtleties are normalized by state standards and building regulations. Recommends for familiarization not only GOST and SNiP, but also manuals. The point is not in formal compliance with the papers, but in the fact that it is written in official documents how to arrange everything correctly.

Be sure to familiarize yourself (or rather learn) the sanitary rules and norms for arranging a non-centralized source of water supply for a private house. If you do not lay pipes correctly, your budget will suffer at most by the cost of pipes. If you drill a well or well in the wrong place and pollute the aquifer, a slightly different kind of liability will come - this is a violation of the law, punishable by a large fine (at least).

One of the conditions for ensuring the comfort of country life is a reliable water supply to the cottage. Since central water supply is extremely rare outside the city, the water supply system of a private house from a well is modern solution adjustment of autonomous water supply to the cottage. In order to provide yourself with comfortable conditions, you need to bring water into the house from the well with your own hands.

You will not surprise anyone with the arrangement of water supply for a private house from a well or well. Theoretically, laying a water supply system and connecting a well to it is quite simple: you need to equip a caisson, dig trenches, throw pipes into them, mount a storage tank along the way, connect everything together, screw on the taps, install automation and you're done. This is how water is introduced into the house from a well in theory. Each stage has its own subtleties. We will analyze them further.

Advantages and disadvantages of sand and artesian wells

In order to equip a water supply system from a well with your own hands, both sandy and artesian sources are suitable.

If the water consumption in the house is not more than 1.5 m3 / h, then the issue of introducing water supply is easily solved using a sand well. This volume is optimal enough to provide water for a small house.

The main advantages of a sand well are the low cost of construction, there is no need to resort to the help of large equipment and the speed of construction. But for the cottage where they live all year round people, sand well is not the best choice.

Aquifers during the construction of such wells, as a rule, lie no deeper than 50 meters, which does not guarantee crystal clear water. Although the water in a sandy well is much cleaner than in a well, nevertheless, various impurities and aggressive compounds may be present in it. All this is due to the proximity of the sandy aquifer to the surface water level.

The productivity of the well is approximately 500 liters, and the service life is only about 10 years. Therefore, this type of water supply device is not suitable for large cottages.

The best option is an artesian well, which is equipped at a depth of 100 meters. The main advantage of a well of this kind is an unlimited supply of water of high quality. Such a well can produce up to 10 m3 / h. This is enough to provide water to the house and a decent area next to it. The life of such a well, even with active use, can reach more than 50 years.

The water located at a great depth is purified and filtered in a natural way. Due to this, it does not contain various impurities and bacteria that can harm human health. If a sand well can be equipped independently, then for an artesian well it is necessary to resort to the help of specialists.

Although drilling an artesian well requires serious investments, there is no need to save here. This stage it is best to provide at the disposal of professional drillers who, based on the composition of the rocks that lie under the site, will be able to determine the aquifer and equip the well in accordance with all the rules of drilling technology.

With professional well construction, and not with your own hands, you can get rid of a whole mountain of problems in the subsequent operation process.

Equipment for the installation of autonomous water supply

The depth of the aquifer and its characteristics directly affect the technology of independent well development. With the help of specialists, you can design an autonomous water supply scheme in a private house who know how to connect it correctly, or use a ready-made option for home water supply.

There are 3 main elements in the water supply scheme of a private house:

• source (well, well);
• pumping station (pump + hydraulic accumulator);
• pipeline. through which water will be supplied.

These elements are equipped with additional equipment:

• caisson for a well,
• automation,
• cleaning filters for well water,
• water heater.

One of the most important details in arranging the water supply system of a private house with your own hands is a pump, thanks to which a continuous rise and supply of water from the well directly to the house will be ensured.

In order to equip an autonomous well, it is quite enough to mount a device whose diameter will be 3 or 4”, with built-in additional protection against dry running. This will prevent overheating and breakdown of the unit when the minimum water level in the source is reached.

Installation of a plastic or metal caisson is also provided by the technology of water supply from a well, it is placed in such a way as to provide free access to it, but this must be done in such a way that dirt and water from external environment. Its installation is necessary in order to connect the pump in the well and then be able to control its operation.

For arranging a water pipe from a well to a house with your own hands, the most popular are metal-plastic pipes With a diameter of 25-32 mm, this material bends quite easily and has excellent corrosion resistance.

Water pipes must be laid from the source to the house, their laying level must be below the level of soil freezing (at least 30-50 cm). Installation of a water supply system is impossible without arranging a sewerage system, which should provide for the installation of a septic tank with a treatment system and receiving chambers.

Options for arranging water supply from a well

Method number 1 - eyeliner with an automated pumping station. If the site has a shallow well, and if its water level allows, you can install a hand pump or a pumping station. The operating principle of this system is that submersible pump water is pumped into the hydropneumatic tank, its capacity can be from 100 to 500 liters.

When working with a shallow sand well, one of the best options is to equip automated system water supply, ensuring an uninterrupted supply of water to the house.
The storage tank itself has a rubber membrane and relays that regulate the water pressure inside the tank. If the tank is full, the pump is turned off, at the moment when water begins to be consumed, the relay sends a signal to the pump to turn on and it starts pumping water from the well.

This means that such a pump can work both directly, supplying water to the system, and after the pressure in the system drops to a certain level, in order to replenish the “reserve” in the hydropneumatic tank.

The receiver itself (hydraulic tank) must be placed in any most convenient place in the house in order to bring the pipeline, usually this is a utility room. From the caisson to the place where the pipe enters the house, a trench breaks out, to the bottom of which a water pipe and an electric power cable for the pump are thrown.

Method number 2 - with installation deep pump . During this method of water supply, the task of the deep pump is to pump water from the well into the storage tank, which is located at the highest point of the house. As a rule, for the arrangement of the storage tank, a place is allocated in the attic or on the second floor of the house.

If a decision is made to place the tank in the attic, it is necessary to insulate its walls, which will prevent water from freezing in it in winter. Due to the location of the tank at a high point, the effect of a water tower is created, during which, due to the height difference between the hydraulic tank and the connection points, pressure arises, in this case 1 m of water column equals 0.1 atmospheres.

Tank as a rule, the tank is made of food-grade plastic or stainless steel. Volume from 500 - 1500 liters. Depending on the volume of the container, the amount of water depends: this is important, since during a power outage it will flow into the tap by gravity. Installing a limit float switch will automatically turn on the pump when the water level in the tank drops.

Deep well pumps are used when the distance to the water level in the well is more than 9 meters. When choosing a pump, it is necessary to take into account the productivity of the well. Despite the fact that only the rate of accumulation of the water storage tank will depend on the power of the device, it is better to be guided by the mark during the acquisition maximum flow water in the house.

The deep-well pump, together with the pipe and electric cable, is lowered into the well, hanging it with a winch on a galvanized cable; the winch must also be installed inside the caisson. In order to maintain the required level of pressure inside the system and so that the water is not pumped back into the well, a check valve is mounted above the pump. After all the elements of the system are installed, it is only necessary to check the internal wiring to the connection points, and then connect the equipment to the control panel.

Serial connection of the system

If the pipes are connected with a special collapsible “American 1” connection, it will make it possible to disconnect the head of the HDPE 32 waterproof pipe with the pump, which is attached with a 4 mm cable and 5 mm thread, from the well pipe.

The cable allows you to keep the pump at a certain distance from the bottom of the well, which is from 1 to 3 meters. It is not recommended to leave a greater distance, due to the fact that the device may be silted up, which may make it difficult to lift it up or even impossible this situation.

The installation of a check valve is done when this device is not provided for by the configuration of the pump design. The check valve does not allow the reverse flow of water from the water supply to the well.

Before lowering, a HDPE 32 pipe is connected to the pump and a cable is attached. On a well pipe that is equipped rubber band, getting dressed Bottom part head. They begin to slowly lower the pump, every half a meter, fixing the power cable on the pipe with plastic clamps.

At this time, you do not need to pull the cable strongly, otherwise during stretching polypropylene pipe it can break it. The pump is lowered to the very bottom, after which it is raised to a height of 1-2 meters. After that, it is fixed by the unit by securing the cable. Upon completion of this operation, the upper part of the head is fixed.

According to this scheme, a water supply system is being installed to supply water from a well. Here are the main elements of the autonomous water supply system with their brief characteristics and tasks:

• a hydraulic accumulator is needed in order to create a reserve of water and support the required pressure level in the system itself;
• the pressure switch is responsible for adjusting the power on and off of the borehole pump;
• dry running relay, its task is to turn off the pump when the water in the well falls below the minimum level;
• PZU (start-up protection device) is included in the package of the pump;
• coarse filter, serves to protect against large particles that are present as an impurity in the water;
• a flask with a built-in cleaning cartridge, serves for better water filtration;
• A manometer is needed to control the pressure level.

As a result, the price automatic system water supply will be about 3000-5000 dollars. It all depends on how deep the source is, what type of pump and the number of water intake points inside the dwelling. 30-50% of the total amount must be spent on the engineering arrangement of the system, the rest of the money goes to the elements that determine the level of living comfort.

As you can see, it is quite possible to carry out water supply from a well on your own, but you must remember about in large numbers nuances. Before proceeding with the work, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the technology of their implementation. If you turn to specialists for help, you can deal with this issue much faster and better.

Nowadays, poor-quality work or even the complete absence of a central water supply on the site is no longer a problem, since the water supply of a private house can be provided from an autonomous source -. And do it really even with your own hands. In particular, the water supply scheme with a hydraulic accumulator is considered the most accessible and at the same time functional. Its device includes three mandatory stages: organization of a water source, installation of equipment and piping. To ensure an uninterrupted autonomous water supply system, you need to know how to correctly implement all three stages - then we will understand each of them step by step with a video.

well drilling

The first step is to create a source of water, that is, drilling a well. Its depth must be determined by two factors: the occurrence of a water vein on the site and your specific water supply needs. There are several drilling methods, but the simplest and at the same time effective option is shock-rope. To implement it, you need to build a kind of support tripod from metal pipes and fix a special driving glass on it - it is attached by means of a mechanical winch with a cable.

Important! The height of the support tripod should be directly related to the dimensions of the glass: the larger the glass, the higher the tripod. Ideally, the support should exceed the glass in length by 1.5-2 m.

Direct drilling is carried out according to the following scheme:

• with pressure drive a glass into the ground;
• the glass takes the soil;
• raise the glass and remove the soil from it;
• pour the glass again.

Follow the same steps until the well reaches the desired depth. After drilling is completed in the well, a casing pipe must be installed - metal or plastic with a threaded connection. It should be as close to the ground as possible.

And the final process of organizing a water source is pumping a finished well: with the help of a pump, it is necessary to pump out dirty water with sand and clay.

Scheme: autonomous water supply system

Caisson installation

The second step is the installation of a caisson, which will protect the well and its contents from such negative factors as freezing, silting, and dirty ground water. As a rule, the caisson is a durable cylinder made of plastic or metal - its dimensions must be selected depending on the dimensions of the well. The device must be closed with a sealed lid with holes for pipes and other equipment.

Advice. So that the caisson does not deform during operation, it is recommended to sheathe it with heat-insulating, but always non-combustible material, and additionally close plastic sheets or overlay with bricks.

Installing the caisson does not require much effort. First you need to cut a hole in the bottom of the tank - its diameter should be slightly larger than the diameter of the casing. Then the caisson is lowered into the well - it should rise no more than 20 cm above the upper soil level. After that, the casing is cut off and welded to the container opening.

Pump installation

The third step is the installation of a pump that acts as the heart of the entire plumbing system. When choosing a device, several important indicators should be considered:

• casing diameter;
• height and pressure of water supply in the well;
• the expected volume of incoming water from the well;
• planned water consumption.

Keep in mind that the capacity of the equipment should not exceed the performance of the well in order to avoid the “dry” running of the pump. Also, the device must be 10-15% smaller than the diameter of the casing in order to maintain the possibility of its maintenance.

The pump is installed as follows:

1. A cable is fixed to the fasteners of the pump - it protects the device from emergency lowering.
2. A check valve is installed on the pump - it makes it impossible for the water flow to return to the well.
3. A water pipe and a power cable are connected to the pumping equipment. In parallel with this, the cable is fixed to the pipe plastic clamps with a step of 1.5 m.
4. The pump is slowly lowered into the casing, and then fixed with a cable at a height of 1 m from the bottom of the well. The second end of the cable is fixed on the head of the well.

Scheme: connecting automation

Next, you should take care of the cleaning filters - they are installed on a pipe that supplies water from the pump to the accumulator. It is mandatory to use a coarse filtering device, and fine cleaning devices, coal, softeners, etc. are installed depending on the purpose of the water from the well.

Work with hydraulic accumulator and automation

The fourth step is to install a hydraulic accumulator and set up automation. A hydraulic accumulator is an indispensable component in an individual water supply system. This is due to a number of its functions: maintaining constant pressure water for the uninterrupted operation of the system, protection of the pump from water hammer when it is activated and deactivated, creating a reserve volume of water.

At its core, a hydraulic accumulator is storage tank, which is filled with water under the pressure of pumping equipment. It is equipped with special automatic devices, which provide system startup and support set parameters her work. The automation kit includes: pressure sensor, relay and pressure gauge. All these devices are connected to the accumulator via a fitting with five outlets: three outlets are needed to connect the hydraulic tank to the automation components, one to connect to the pump and one to connect to the water pipe.

Pipeline laying

The fifth, final step is to run the pipeline from the well directly into the house. Work begins with the arrangement of a trench - it is dug below the depth of freezing of the soil. The trench is rammed with sand and gravel - pipes from the well are laid on the resulting pillow.

For the arrangement of the pipeline, it is recommended to use metal-plastic, PVC or polyethylene pipes. They must be insulated. For this purpose, either a foam shell or a special heating cable can be used - the second option is more efficient and reliable.

Advice. Choose a two-core variable resistance cable for the pipeline - it is not only more convenient to use, but also reduces energy costs.

To provide even better thermal insulation, water pipes placed either in corrugated or plain sewer pipe enlarged diameter. The pump power cable is also carried into it - subsequently it is connected to a power box installed directly in the house.

It is recommended to bring pipes from the well into the dwelling through the basement, but if this is not possible, external walls can be used. But at the same time, the pipeline cannot be bent - it is better to connect individual pipe sections using special couplings.

Connecting inside the house

When the pipeline is brought into the house, the pipes should be laid out and then connected to all available points of water consumption.

As you can see, to ensure autonomous water supply to a private house, it is necessary to take care of three components of the system: a well, equipment and a pipeline. By scrupulously completing each step of arranging these components, you will receive an individual water supply system that will uninterruptedly satisfy your domestic and technical needs for clean water.

Do-it-yourself water supply system: video

Water supply of a private house: photo

Water supply in a private country house or in the country is no longer a luxury, but a necessity. Otherwise, progress will have to be made such as a washing machine, a shower stall, devices automatic watering etc. collect dust on a shelf while the owners of the house carry buckets of water in the old fashioned way. Even those connected to central system water supplies may need an additional source. Low water pressure, unsatisfactory water quality, interruptions in supply and other factors can significantly affect comfortable living in a cottage.

Agree, an unpleasant prospect for a modern person. And if you are reading this article, then the question of how to make autonomous water supply from a well in a private house has become an edge.

The water supply device of a private house from a well consists of three key elements (stages):

• water source;
• wiring;
• sewerage.

In order for all components of the water supply system to work as expected, you need to know how to properly do the work of implementing each of them.

1. Water source - drilling and well construction

There are many reasons for digging a well or drilling a well as a source of water. This topic is described in detail, where the comparative characteristics and features of each of the options are given. Here we will consider how the water supply system of the house from the well is arranged.

There are two types of wells:

• Well on the sand. Allows you to get water from a vein, which is located at a relatively shallow depth (up to 40 m.). Water has less hardness, but may contain various impurities. In addition, such a well needs constant pumping. The life of the well is 5-15 years.

• borehole on limestone(artesian well). The bottom of the well can be at a depth of 50 to 230 m. The water in the well passes through a dense layer of soil, clay, stone and is cleaner. However, it may contain a large number of different salts. The life of the well exceeds 50 years.

Advice. Before choosing the type of well, consult with your neighbors, find out at what depth their water is or request data from hydrogeological studies. In addition, the financial side of the issue should also be studied. Take into account not only the amount of the initial investment, but also the operating costs, the household's need for water and the debit of the well itself.

It is worth noting that the water supply system of a private house from a well practically does not differ from the depth at which the aquifer passes. This is important only when choosing a pump, but we will dwell on this in more detail.

As you understand, only drilling a well does not solve the problem. It is necessary to develop and implement a complex water supply system from the well to the user (water supply).

2. Search for water for a well on the site

Approximately a quarter of users complain that drilling did not lead to the desired result. That is, after the drill went deep to a depth of 30 meters, water suitable for consumption in terms of quality or quantity did not appear.

In order not to replenish the number of those who threw money away, you need to responsibly approach the search for water. Indeed, in order to reduce drilling costs, it is necessary that the aquifer lies as close to the surface as possible.

Ways to determine the presence of water:

• biological signs. Plants can show how deep the water is. So, for example, cattail grows where the water is no deeper than 1 m from the surface, wormwood - up to 7 m, yellow alfalfa up to 15 m;

• dew. The closer the water is to the surface, the more dew will be on the plants in that location;

• silica gel. It must be wrapped in cloth and buried to a depth of 1 m. After a day, see how much moisture it has absorbed. The more, the closer the water;

• dowsing. The rod and wire frame also gives very accurate results and is the most popular way among users to determine the depth of the aquifer;

• test drilling. Gives a 100% result, but requires a lot of money.